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Digestive system
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The digestive system is AKA | The Gastrointestinal(GI)system |
| Or/o OR stomat/o | Oral cavity(mouth) |
| Digestive begins in the | Oral cavity(mouth) |
| Digestive is the | Breaking down of food into small parts |
| Oral | Pertaining to the oral cavity(mouth) |
| Herpetic stomatitis | Inflammation of the oral cavity(mouth)caused by the Herpes Simplex Virus 1 (HSVI)cold sores of fever blisters |
| Mechanical digestion involves | Mastication(chewing) |
| Bucc/o | Cheek |
| Buccal | Pertaining to a cheek |
| Gloss/o OR lingu/o | Tongue |
| Glossectomy | Surgical removal of the tongue |
| Sublingual | Pertaining to under the tongue AKA hypoglossal |
| Glossorrhaphy | Suturing of the tongue |
| Glossopathy | Disease condition of the tongue |
| Chemical digestion includes the secretion of: | 1.)Saliva 2.)HCl<-(should be a lower case "L") |
| HCI stands for | HydroChloric acid |
| Hydrochloric acid (HCl<-lower case L)is found | in the stomach |
| Gingiv/o | Gingiva(e)AKA gums |
| Gingivitis | Inflammation of the gingivae(gums) |
| Gingivectomy | Surgical removal of a gingiva |
| Palat/o | Hard palate AND/OR soft palate |
| The hard and soft palate are located in the | Superior(upper)portion of the oral cavity(mouth) |
| Palatitis | Inflammation of a palate |
| Palatoplasty | Surgical repair of a palate |
| Pharyng/o | Pharynx AKA throat |
| Pharyngitis | Inflammation of the pharynx(throat) |
| Esophag/o | Esophagus |
| The esophagus is the | Tube(duct)connecting the pharynx (throat)AND the stomach |
| Esophagotomy | A surgical incision of the esophagus |
| Esophagoscope | A lighted instrument to view the esophagus |
| Esophageal atresia | A (congenital)closure of the esophagus |
| Gastr/o | Stomach |
| The stomach is located in the | Left Upper Quadrant(LUQ)of the abdomen |
| Gastritis | Inflammation of the stomach |
| Gastrotomy | Surgical incision of the stomach |
| Gastrostomy | An artificial opening in the stomach |
| Gastrectomy | Surgical removal of the stomach |
| Stomatogastric | Pertaining to the oral cavity AND stomach |
| Gastroscopy | The process of viewing the stomach with a lighted instrument |
| Gastrodynia | A condition of stomach pain |
| NasoGastric(NG) | Pertaining to the nose AND stomach |
| Esophagogastroplasty | Surgical repair of the esophagus AND stomach |
| GERD stands for | GastroEsophageal Reflux Disease |
| Reflux means | Regurgitation OR backflow |
| Duoden/o | Duodenum |
| The Duodenum is the | First section of the small intestine(small bowel) |
| EsophagoGastroDuodenoscopy(EGD) | The process of viewing the esophagus,stomach,AND duodenum with a lighted instrument |
| Jejun/o | Jejunum |
| The Jejunum is the | Second section of the small intestine(small bowel) |
| Jejunojejuno anastomosis | Joining one section of the jejunum to another section of the jejunum |
| anastomosis means | Joining |
| Gastrojejunostomy | An artificial opening between the stomach AND jejunum |
| Ile/o | Ileum |
| The Ileum is the | Third section of the small intestine(small bowel) |
| Ilum is the | Bone in the pelvis |
| Ileostomy | An artificial opening into the ileum |
| Enter/o | Small intestive OR small bowel |
| Dysentery | A condition of painful small intesine(small bowel) |
| Enterorrhaphy | Sutering of the small intestine(small bowel) |
| Gastroenteritis | Inflammation of the stomach AND the small intestine(small bowel) |
| Gastroenterologist | A specialist in the study of the stomach AND small intestine(small bowel) |
| Cec/o | Cecum |
| The cecum is the | First section of the large intestine(large bowel OR colon) |
| Ileocecal | Pertaining to the ileum AND the cecum |
| Append/o OR appendic/o | Appendix |
| The Appendix is a | Finger like projection of the cecum |
| The appendix is located in the | Right Lower Quadrant(RLQ)of the abdomen |
| More specifically,the appendix is located in the | Right inguinal(iliac) region of the abdomen |
| Appendicitis | Inflammation of the appendix |
| Laparoscopic appendectomy("appy") | Surgical removal of the appendic using a lighted instrument inserted into the abdomen |
| Inflamed is spelled with | One "M" |
| The ascending colon is the | Second section of the large intestine(large bowel OR colon) |
| The transverse colon is the | third section of the large intestine(large bowel OR colon) |
| The descending colon is the | Fourth section of the large intestine(large bowel OR colon) |
| Sigmoid/o | Sigmoid colon |
| The Sigmoid colon is the | Fifth section of the large intestine(large bowel OR colon) |
| Sigmoidscope | A lighted instrument to view the sigmoid colon |
| Sigmoidoscopy | Viewing the sigmoid colon with a lighted instrument |
| Rect/o | Rectum |
| The rectum is the | Sixth section of the large intestine(large bowel OR colon) |
| Rectocele | A herniation of the rectum |
| An/o | Anus |
| The anus is the | Last section of the large intestine(large bowel OR colon) AND contains a sphincter which is ring of muscles that opens and closes |
| Anoplasty | Surgical repair of the anus |
| Proct/o | Anus and rectum |
| Proctologist | A specialist in the study of the anus AND rectum |
| Proctoptosis | Drooping OR sagging of the anus AND rectum AKA prolapse of the anus AND rectum |
| Proctoscope | A lighted instrument to view the anus AND rectum |
| Proctosigmoidoscopy | Process of viewing the anus,rectum,AND sigmoid colon with a lighted instrument |
| Col/o OR colon/o | Colon OR large bowel OR large intestine |
| Colitis | Inflammation of the colon (large intestine OR large bowel) |
| Ulcerative Colitis(UC) | Inflammation of the colon (large intestine OR large bowel)AND the presence of ulcers(erosions) |
| Colotomy | A surgical incision of the colon(large intestine OR large bowel) |
| Colectomy | Surgical removal of the colon(large intestine OR large bowel) |
| Colonscope | A lighted instrument to view the colon (large intestine OR large bowel) |
| Colonscopy | The process of viewing the colon(large intestine OR large bowel)with a lighted instrument |
| Colostomy | An artificial opening into the colon(large intestine OR large bowel) |
| Gastroenterocolitis | Inflammation of the stomach,small intestine AND colon(large intestine OR large bowel) |
| Hepat/o | Liver |
| The liver is located in the | Right Upper Quadrant(RUQ)of the abdomen |
| The liver is made up of sections called | Lobes |
| The liver is responsible for creating | Bile |
| The function of bile is to | Emulsify(emulsification) |
| Emulsify(emulsification) means | To break up fats |
| Hepatitis | Inflammation of the liver |
| Hepatoma | Tumor or mass of the liver |
| Hepatomegaly | Enlargement of the liver |
| Chole- | Bile OR gall(by golly) |
| Cholecyst/o | Gall bladder |
| The gall bladder is responsible for | Storing bile |
| The gall bladder is located | inferior to the liver |
| Choledoch/o | Bile duct(vessel) |
| Bile ducts carry bile from the liver to the gall bladder AND from the | Gall bladder to the duodenum |
| Choledocholithiasis | An abnormal condition of a stone(s)in a bile duct |
| Choledocholithotomy | A surgical incision of a bile duct to remove a stone(s) |
| Choedocholithectomy | A surgical removal of a stone(s)from a bile duct |
| Choledochlithotripsy | Crushing a stone(s)in a bile duct |
| Cholangioma | A tumor or mass of a bile vessel |
| Cholangiogram | A record of a bile vessel |
| Cholecystitis | Inflammation of the gall bladder |
| Cholecystogram | A record of a gall bladder |
| Cholelithiasis | An abnormal condition of a gall stone(s) |
| Pancreat/o | Pancreas |
| The Pancreas is located | Posterior to the stomach(retrogastric) |
| The pancreas creates enzymes that will | Aid in chemical digestion |
| enzyme(s) | Chemical catayst(s) |
| A catalyst causes a | reaction to occur |
| Pancreatic | Pertaining to the pancreas |
| Pancreatitis | Inflammation of the pancreas |
| Peritone/o OR abdomin/o OR lapar/o | Abdomen |
| Peritoneal | Pertaining to the peritoneum(abdominal lining) |
| Peritonitis | Inflammation of the abdominal lining(peritoneum) |
| Abdominal | Pertaining to the abdomen |
| Abdominoplasty | Surgical repair of the abdomen |
| Abdominocentesis | Surgical puncture of the abdomen |
| Laparotomy | Surgical incision of the abdomen |
| Laparoscopic cholecystectomy | Excision of the gall bladder using a lighted instrument inserted through small surgical openings in the abdomen |
| Diverticul/o | Diverticulum |
| Diverticula are | Vesicular (blister-like)lesions that can develop in the large bowel |
| Diverticulosis | A abnormal condition of diverticula |
| Diverticulitis | Inflammation of the diverticula |
| Diverticulectomy | Surgical removal of a Diverticulum |
| Polyp/o | Polyp |
| A polyp is a | Premalignant lesion that can be found in the colon(large intestine OR large bowel) |
| Polyposis | An abnormal condition of a polyp(s) |
| Polypectomy | Surgical removal of a polyp(s) |
| Adhesion(s) | Tissue sticking together that should not stick together |
| Stoma | Any artificial opening |
| Dysphagia | A condition of difficult OR painful swallowing |
| Aphagia (g-gag) | A condition of no swallowing |
| Dysphasia (s-speech) | A condition of difficult speech |
| Bradypepsia(bradypepsic) | A condition of slow digestion |
| Dyspepsia(dyspepsic) | A condition of difficult digestion AKA indigestion |
| Herni/o | Hernia |
| A hernia is a | Protrusion of an organ through the tissue in which it is normally enclosed AKA a "rupture" |
| Herniorrhaphy | Suturing of a hernia |
| Hernioplasty | Surgical repair of a hernia |
| Hiatal Hernia(HH) | Herniation of the stomach through the diphragm |
| Inguinal Hernia(IH) | Herniation of the small intestine into the scrotum |
| Umbilical Hernia(UH) | Herniation of the small intestine through the abdominal wall at the umbilicus(belly button) |
| Strangulated hernia | A hernia that occludes the blood supply to the protruding tissue |
| Anorexia(anorexic) | A condition of no appetite |
| Halitosis | Bad breath |
| Eructation(eructate) | Belching OR burping |
| Dental caries | Extreme dental(tooth)decay |
| Emesis(emetic) | Pertaining to vomit(ing) |
| Hemoptysis | Expectorating blood |
| Hematemesis | Vomiting blood |
| Ulcer | An erosion (wearing away)of the skin OR mucous membrane |
| Perforation(perforate) | A tear OR rip |
| Upper GastroIntestinal series(UGI) | An X-ray of the superior digestive tract after administration of a radiopaque contrast AKA a barium swallow |
| Lower GI(GastroIntestinal)series | An X-ray of the inferior digestive tract after the administration of a radiopaque contrast AKA a BARium Enema(BaE OR BE) |
| Radiopaque contrast material will | Illuminate when exposed to X-rays |
| Endoscopic Retrograde CholangioPancreatography(ERCP) | The process of recording the bile ducts AND pancreas ducts using X-rays AND a lighted instrument |
| Resection | Excision(surgical removal) |
| Bowel resection | Surgical removal of a section of the large intestine OR small intestine |
| Endoscopic UltraSound(EUS) | The process of recording the GastroIntestinal(GI)tract using sound waves AND a lighted instrument |
| Peristaltic(peristalsis) | (pertaining to)wave-like muscular contractions of the GastroIntestinal(GI)tract pushing contents onward |
| Borborygmos | The groaning AND gurgling sounds made during peristaltic activity |
| Colic | Painful spasms of the GastroIntestinal (GI)tract |
| Stool | Semisolid waste expelled through the anus AKA feces (fecal matter) |
| Defecate(defecation) | The act of expelling feces from the body AKA a Bowel Movement(BM) |
| A normal Bowel Movement(BM)is | Brown AND formed |
| Flatus OR flatulence | Gas expelled through the anus |
| Diarrhea | Loose watery stools |
| Constipation | Difficult defecation |
| Impaction | An accumulation of feces in the bowel |
| Ileus | A bowel obstruction |
| Obstipation | Constipation caused by a bowel obstruction (ileus) |
| Melena(melanotic) | Pertaining to black,tarry,pungent stools AND indicates blood in the fecal matter |
| Pungent | A very strong aroma(aromatic) |
| Hemoccult,Hema-check,Colo-Rect,Hematest,Seracult,OR guaiac | A test for occult blood in the stool |
| Occult means | Hidden blood that cannot be seen with the naked eye |
| Gastric lavage | Washing out the stomach AKA "pumping out the stomach" |
| Gavage | A feeding tube |
| Distend(distended) | To stretch out OR inflate |
| Cirrhosis | A chronic degeneration(deterioration)of liver cells |
| Jaundice | A yellow discoloration of the skin AND/OR sclerae AKA Icterus(icteric) |
| Jaundice(icterus)is caused by a blood condition of excessive BILIRUBIN called | HyperBILIRUBINemia |
| Bilirubin is | Dead fragmented(hemolyzed)erythrocytes (RBCs) |
| Ascites | Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen |
| Absorb(absorption) | Movement of nutrients from the digestive system to the bloodstream |
| Postprandial | Pertaining to after meals |
| N+V | Nausea AND Vomiting |
| BS | Blood Suger OR Bowel Sounds OR Breath Sounds |
| IBD | Inflammatory Bowel Disease |
| PEG | Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy |
| TPN | Total Parenteral Nutrition AKA hyperalimentation ("hyperal") |
| O+P | Ova AND Parasites |
| PUD | Peptic Ulcer Disease |
| LFTs | Liver Function TestS |
| Liver Function TestS include: | 1.)SGOT AKA AST 2.)SGPT AKA ALT 3.)Alkaline phosphatase (alk.phos.) |
| Dx | Diagnosis |
| Px | Prognosis |
| A (with a - above the a) | Before |
| P (with a - above the p) | After |
| c (with a -above the "c") | With |
| S (with a - above the s) | Without |
Created by:
BLM1095
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