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Urology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Hilar | pertaining to hilum (indentation in an organ). |
| Caliceal | pertaining to the calyx. |
| Pelvic | pertaining to the pelvis (hip bone). |
| Ureteral | pertaining to the ureter. |
| Peristalsis | Abnormal condition that contracts to move around. |
| Vesical | pertaining to the bladder; fluid-filled sac |
| Urethral meatus | an orifice or meatus of the urethra. |
| Spincter | a muscular ring that relaxes when the bladder is full so that urine can flow into the urethra. |
| Prostatic | pertaining to the prostate gland. |
| Glomerular | networks of interwining capillaries. |
| Proximal convoluted tubule | portion of the duct system of the nephron of the kidney which leads from Bowman's capsule to the loop of Henle. |
| Urination | a process of urine. |
| Micturition | a process of making urine. |
| Glomerulonephritis | inflammation of the kidney glomerulus. |
| Hydronephrosis | abnormal condition of the kidney fluid. |
| Nephrolithiasis | state of a kidney stone. |
| Diabetic Nephropathy | progressive damage to the glomeruli because of diabetes mellitus. |
| Nephroptosis | Abnormally low position of a kidney. |
| Ascites | a grossly enlarged, fluid-distended abdomen. |
| Polycystic kidney disease | Hereditary disease characterized by cysts in the kidney that eventually destroy the nephrons. |
| Pyelonephritis | inflammation and infection of the renal pelvis of the kidney. |
| Acute renal failure | occurs suddenly and is usually due to trauma, severe blood loss, or overwhelming infection. |
| Chronic renal failure | gradual worsening with progressive damage to the kidneys from chronic, uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. |
| Uremia | condition of the blood in the urinary system. |
| Nephroblastoma | malignant renal tumor of young children characterized by hypertension and blood in the urine and the presence of a palpable mass. |
| Interstitial Cystitis | a chronic, progressive infection in which the bladder mucosa becomes extremely irritated and red, with bleeding. |
| Cystocele | hernia of the bladder. |
| Neurogenic bladder | Urinary retention due to a lack of innervation of the nerves of the bladder. |
| Urinary retention | Inability to empty the bladder because of an obstruction. |
| Vesicovaginal fistula | Formation of an abnormal passageway connecting the bladder to the vagina. |
| Epispadias | Congenital condition in which the female urethral meatus is in an abnormal location near the clitoris. |
| Urethritis | Inflammation or infection of the urethra. |
| Proteinuria | major protein in the blood. |
| Anuria | Absence of urine production by the kidneys because of acute or chronic, renal failure. |
| Bacteriuria | Presence of bacteria in the urine. |
| Dysuria | Difficult or painful urination. |
| Enuresis | Involuntary release of urine in an otherwise normal person who should have a bladder control. |
| Glycosuria | Glucose in the urine. |
| Hematuria | Blood in the urine. |
| Incontinence | Inability to keep urine in the bladder. |
| Ketonuria | ketone bodies in the urine. |
| Nocturia | increase frequency and urgency of urination during the night. |
| Oliguria | Decreased production of urine due to kidney failure. |
| Polyuria | Excessive production of urine due to diabetes mellitus or diabetes insipidus. |
| Pyuria | White blood cells in the urine, indicating a urinary tract infection. |
| Blood urea nitrogen | Test that measures the amount of urea. |
| Culture and Sensitivity | Test that put urine onto culture medium in a Petri dish to identify the cause of a urinary tract infection. |
| Leukocyte esterase | Test that detects esterase, an enzyme associated with leukocytes (white blood cells) and a urinary tract infection. |
| 24-hour creatinine clearance | Test that collects all urine for 24 hours to measure the total amount of creatinine "cleared" (excreted) by the kidneys. |
| Urinalysis | Test that describes the urine and detects substances in it. |
| Specific gravity | Measurement of the concentration of the urine as compared to that of water. |
| Acidic | pertaining to acid. |
| Alkaline | pertaining to a base. |
| Urinometer | Instrument used to measure urine. |
| Intravenous pyelography | Procedure that uses x-rays and radiopaque contrast dye. |
| Nephrotomography | Procedure that uses a computerized axial tomography (CAT) scan and radiopaque contrast dye injects intravenously. |
| Renal angiography | Procedure that uses x-rays and radiopaque contrast dye. |
| Renal scan | Procedure that uses a radioactive isotope injected intravenously. |
| Voiding cystourethrography | Procedure that uses x-rays and radioplaque contrast dye. |
| Catherization | Procedure in which a catheter is inserted through the urethra and into the bladder to drain the urine. |
| Suprapubic catheter | inserted through the abdominal wall and into the bladder. |
| Hemodialysis | a shunt or a fistula to allow easy and reliable access to the blood. |
| Peritoneal Dialysis | uses a permanent catheter inserted through the abdominal wall. |
| Cystoscopy | Procedure that uses rigid of flexible cystoscope inserted through the urethra in order to examine the bladder. |
| Nephrectomy | Procedure to surgically remove a diseased or cancerous kidney. |
| Lithotripsy | Procedure that uses sound waves to break up a kidney stone. |
| Nephrolithotomy | Procedure in which a small incision is made in the skin and an endoscope is inserted in a percutaneous approach into the kidney to remove a kidney stone. |
| Transurethral resection of a bladder tumor | procedure to remove a bladder tumor from inside the bladder. |
| Diuretic | pertaining to urine completely passing through. |
| Antispasmodic | pertaining to against a spasm. |
| Urinary analgesic | pertaining to sensation of no pain in the urinary system. |
| ARF | acute renal failure |
| BUN | blood urea nitrogen |
| cath | catheterize or catheterization |
| C | culture and sensitivity |
| CRF | chronic renal failure |
| cysto | cystoscopy |
| ESRD | end-stage renal disease |
| ESWL | extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy |
| GU | genitourinary; gonococcal urethritis |
| HCTZ | hydrochlorothiazide (drug) |
| I | intake and output |
| IVP | intravenous pyelography |
| KUB | kidneys, ureters, bladder |
| Sp gr, SG | specific gravity |
| TNTC | too numerous to count |
| UA | urinalysis |
| UTI | urinary tract infection |
Created by:
rkempf
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