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Medical Terms
Any terms in medical terminology
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Ambulant, Ambulatory | describes a person who is able to walk |
| Ascites | abnormal accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity |
| Adhesion | a sticking together of structures that are normally separated |
| Peritoneum | transparent membrane that lines the abdominopelvic cavity & enfolds the viscera |
| Viscera | internal organs |
| Midsagittal Plane | divides the body into EQUAL right and left halves |
| Sagittal Plane | divides the body into right and left sides (not equal) |
| Frontal (Coronal) Plane | divides the body into front and back portions |
| Transverse Plane | divides the body into upper and lower portions (as a magician would saw a body in half) |
| Inferior | lowermost or below |
| Superior | uppermost or above |
| Proximal | nearer the origin or point of attachment |
| Distal | far or distant from the origin or point of attachment |
| Prone | lying face down |
| Supine | lying on the back |
| Pronation | palm of the hand downward |
| Supination | palm of hand upward (in supination one can carry soup) |
| Anterior | nearer to or toward the front; ventral |
| Posterior | near to or toward the back; dorsal; situated behind |
| Lateral | toward the side; denoting a position farther from the mid line of the body or from a structure |
| Ventral | belly side; same as anterior surface in humans |
| Dorsal | directed toward or situated on the back side; same as posterior surface in humans |
| Medial, Median | middle or nearer the middle |
| Cephalad | toward the head |
| Caudad | toward the tail; in an inferior direction in humans |
| Anatomical Position | the position a person is in while standing erect with arms at the sides and the palms forward |
| Hyperplasia | abnormal increase in the number of normal cells in tissue (excessive formation) |
| Hypertrophy | an increase in the size of an organ caused by an increase in the size of existing cells |
| Recumbent | lying down |
| Lateral Recumbent | lying on one's side |
| Muscular System | makes movement possible |
| Skeletal System | provides protection; form and shape for the body, stores minerals and forms some blood cells |
| Cardiovascular System | delivers oxygen, nutrients, and vital substances throughout the body; transports cellular waste products to the lungs and kidneys for excretion |
| Lymphatic System | helps maintain the internal fluid environment; reduces some types of blood cells; regulates immunity |
| Respiratory System | brings oxygen into the body and removes carbon dioxide and some water waste |
| Digestive System | provides the body with water, nutrients, and minerals; removes solid wastes |
| Urinary System | filters blood to remove wastes of cellular metabolism; maintains the electrolyte and fluid balance |
| Reproductive System | facilitates procreation |
| Integumenary System | provides external covering for protections; regulate the body temperature and water content |
| Nervous System | coordinates the reception of stimuli; transmits messages to stimulate movement |
| Endocrine System | secretes hormones and helps regulate body activities |
| RUQ | Right Upper Quadrant |
| RLQ | Right Lower Quadrant |
| LLQ | Left Lower Quadrant |
| LUQ | Left Upper Quadrant |
| Hematoma | localized collection of blood (a bruise) |
| Homeostasis | constant internal environment that is maintained by the body |
| Hemolysis | destruction of red blood cells |
| Hemodialysis | diffusing blood through a semipermeable membrane to remove toxic materials |
| Coagulation | blood clotting when blood is removed from the body |
| Anticoagulant | substance that prevents coagulation |
| Thrombosis | formation of internal blood clots |
| Thrombocytes | platelets |
| Erythrocytes | red blood cells |
| Leukocytes | white blood cells |
| Antigen | substance tat is capable of inducing a specific immune response |
| Immunodeficiency Diseases | caused by a defect in the immune system; characterized by a susceptibility to infections and chronic disease |
| Hypersensitivity | excessive defense mechanism reaction to an antigen |
| Allergies | body reacts with an exaggerated immune response to common, harmless substances, most of which are found in the environment |
| Antibodies | the immune response brought about by an antigen |
| Susceptibility | lack of resistance or protection from infectious organisms |
| Immunization | process by which resistance to an infectious organisms |
| Active Immunity | individual's own body produces an immune response to a harmful antigen |
| Passive Immunity | immune agents response develop in another person or animal an then are transferred to an individual who was not previously immune (borrowed immunity, effective for short time) |
| Vaccination | any injection or ingestion of inactivated or killed microbes or their products administered to induce immunity |
| Immunocompromised | immune response that has been weakened by a disease or immunosuppressive agent (drugs, radiation) |
| Anaphylaxis | exaggerated, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction to a previously encountered antigen; insect stings and penicillin are two common causes |
| Benign | favorable for recovery; not having a tendency to spread (not cancer) |
| Malignant | tending to grow worse, to spread, and possibly become life threatening (cancer) |
| Metastasize, Metastasis | spreading from one part of the body to another part (malignant cancer cells) |
| Bioterrorism | use of pathogenic biological agents to cause terror in a population |
| Alimentation | process of providing nutrition for the body |
| Ingestion | oral intake of substances into the body |
| Digestion | the mechanical and chemical conversion of food into substances that can eventually be absorbed by cells |
| Absorption | process in which the digested food molecules pass through the lining of the lymph capillaries (takes place in small intestine) |
| Elimination | removal of undigested food particles |
| Lactase | enzyme that breaks down milk sugar |
| Lactose | milk sugar |
| Protease | enzyme that breaks down protein |
| Amylase | enzyme that breaks down starch |
| Lipase | enzyme that breaks down fat |
| Gingival | pertaining to gums |
| Hypoglossal | under the tongue |
| Orthodontics | branch of dentistry concerned with tooth alignment and associated facial problems |
| Gastric Lavage | washing out of the stomach |
| Gastralgia | pain in the stomach |
| Gastroenterology | study of the stomach, intestines, and associated structures |
| Gastroenterologist | the physician who specializes in the stomach, intestines and associated structures |
| Ileocecal Valve | a group of muscles that are located between the ileum and the cecum |
| Anus | opening from the large intestine to the exterior |
| Proctologist | physician who specializes in diseases of the anus and rectum as well as disorders of the colon |
| Endogastric | pertaining to the interior lining of the stomach |
| Esophageal | pertaining to the esophagus |
| Lingual | pertaining to the tongue |
| Biliary | pertaining to bile |
| Bile | breaks down fats before absorption by the small intestine, produced by the liver |
| Cholecystic | pertaining to the gallbladder |
| Insulin | produced by the pancreas to regulate blood sugar |
| Bulimia | a disorder that is characterized by episodes of binge eating and often terminates in self-induce vomiting |
| Cheilitis | inflammation of the lip |
| Stomatitis | inflammation of the mouth |
| Hypoglycemia | abnormally low blood sugar |
| Hepatomegaly | enlarged liver |
| Hyperemesis | excessive vomiting |
| Hemorrhoids | a mass of distended veins in the anal canal that lie just inside or outside the rectum |
| Cholecystitis | inflammation of the gallbladder |
| Diabetes Mellitus | high concentration of sugar in the blood and resulting from insufficient production of insulin |
| Ileostomy | creation of surgical passage through the abdominal wall into the ileum |
| Dehydration | output of body fluid exceeds fluid intake |
| Gingiva | gums |
| Gastroenteritis | inflammation of stomach and intestines |
| Endoscope | the instrument used that consists of a tube and optical system used to inspect body organs (stomach, colon) |
| Cholelithiasis | presence of gallstones |
| Dysphagia | difficulty swallowing |
| Diverticulitis | inflammation of a small sac or pouch in the intestinal tract |
| GI Series | x-rays using contrast agents to evaluate the gastrointestinal tract |
| Cholecystectomy | removal of gallbladder |
| Eupepsia | normal digestion |
| Anorexiant | drug that suppresses the appetite |
| Jaundice | a condition causing yellowness of the skin, yellow in the whites of the eyes and mucus membranes...caused by liver disease |
| Cirrhosis | chronic liver disease characterized by degeneration of the liver |
| Anorexia | loss of appetite for food |
Created by:
koalas2013
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