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World History Ch 4
First Age of Empires
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| regent | a person who exercises the ruling power in a kingdom during the absence of a ruler |
| obelisk | a tapering four sided shaft of stone in a pyramid shape |
| sapper | soldier employed in the construction of tunnels to undermine enemy positions |
| (bas) relief | a sculpture where figures are slightly higher than being flat |
| isthmus | a narrow strip of land bordered on both sides by water connecting two pieces of land |
| pontoon | a boat or floating structure used as support for a temporary bridge over water |
| immortals | a 10,000 man army of Persians who helped Darius seize the throne |
| satrapy | providence or jurisdiction of a satrap |
| satrap | a governor of a providence under the ancient Persian monarchy |
| eyes and ears of the king | official sent to inspect each satrapy |
| (zend) avesta | a collection of sacred Zoroastrian writings, including gathas |
| jen (zi) | a compassionate love for humanity and the world as a whole |
| filial piety | respect for ones parents and deceased elders |
| analects | a collection of Confucius' words |
| Confucianism | an ethical system based on principles of right and wrong |
| dao | the way |
| legalism | the principle of strict adherence to the written law |
| Hyksos | the ancient people who conquered and ruled Egypt in the 13th and 18th dynasties, Asiatic invaders |
| Hatshepsut | a ruler of the new kingdom who ruled as regent for her stepson, Thutmose III |
| Thutmose III | Hatshepsut stepson, a war-like ruler, invaded Canaan, Syria, and Nubia |
| Ramses II | pharaoh who signed a non-aggression peace treaty with a Hittite king |
| Piankhi | a Kushite king who overthrew the Lybian dynasty and ruled over Egypt |
| Assyrians | known for military, "Spartans of the middle east". Aggressive and known for brutality |
| Assurbanipal | a king who collected over 20,000 stone tablets from the fertile crescent |
| sennacherib | an Assyrian king who destroyed 89 cities, 820 villages, and burned Babylon |
| Nebuchadnezzar | a Chaldean king who restored Babylon |
| Cyrus II aka Cyrus the Great | Persia's king, a military genius. His empire stretched from the Indus River in the east to Anatolia (Asia minor) |
| Cambyses II | expanded Persian empire by conquering Egypt. Son of Cyrus II |
| Darius I | Cambyses' successor. Rose to throne with the help of 10,000 immortals |
| Zoroaster | a Persian prophet who lived around 600 BC. |
| Ahura Mazda | the one god in Zoroastrian religion |
| Ahriman | a force of evil, deceit, and darkness that Ahura Mazda will triumph over. Followers are condemned to eternal darkness, misery, etc. |
| Confucius | China's most influential scholar who thought China could be restored using the 5 relationships |
| Lao Tzu (Laozi) | a Chinese thinker to whom natural order was important |
| Han Feizi | a founder of legalism |
| Qin Shihuangdi "first emperor" | ordered all books to be burned except those dealing with medicine and farming |
| Avaris | capital of Hyksos, eastern part of Nile Delta |
| Punt | modern Somalia/Ethiopia |
| Thebes | ancient city in upper Egypt, on the Nile. Ruins are in Karnak and Luxor |
| Napata | Kush's capital which became the center for the spread of Egyptian culture |
| Meroe | close to the Red Sea, where the Kushite royal family moved after defeat by Assyrians |
| Nineveh | Assyria's capital along the Tigris River |
| Babylon | the Chaldean capital after defeating the Assyrians. Center of a new empire and home of the hanging gardens. Often known as the most beautiful city. |
Created by:
lauratebbens
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