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A&P
Cardiovascular
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| aorta | largest artey in the body |
| apex od the heart | lower tip of the heart |
| arteriole | small artery |
| artery | largest type of the blood vessel; carries blood away from the heart to all parts of the body |
| atrioventricular bundle (bundkle of His) | specialized muscle fibers connecting the atria with the ventricle and transmitting electrical impluses between them |
| atrioventricular node (AV node) | specialized tissue in the wall between the atria. Electrical impluses pass from the pacemaker (SA node) through the AV node and the atrioventricular bundle toward the ventricles. |
| atrium | one of two upper chambers of the heart |
| capillary | smallest blood vesssel; material pss from the bloodstream through a thin capillary walls |
| carbon dioxide | gas (waste) released by body cells, transported via veins to the heart and then to the lungs for exhalation |
| coronary arteries | blood vessels that branch from the aorta and carry oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle |
| deoxygenated blood | blood that is oxygen poor |
| diastole | relaxtion phase of the hearbeat |
| electrocardiogram | record of the electricity flowing through the heart |
| endocardium | inner lining of the heart |
| endothelium | innermost lining of the blood vessels |
| mitral valve | valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle; bicuspid valve |
| murmur | abnormal swishing sound caused by improper closure of the heart valves |
| myocardium | muscular, middle layer of the heart |
| normal sinus rhythm | heart rhythm originating in the sinoatrial node with a rate in patients at rest of 60 to 100 beats per minute |
| oxygen | gas that enters the blood through the lungs and travels to the heart to be pumped via arteries to all body cells |
| pacemaker | specialized nerovustisse in the right atrium that begins the heartbeat |
| pericardium | double-layered membrane surrounding the heart |
| pulmonary artery | artery carrying oxygen-poor blood from the heart to the lungs |
| pulmonary circulation | flow of blood from the heart to the lungs back to the heart |
| pulmonary valve | valve positioned between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery |
| pulmonary vein | one of two pairs of vessels carrying oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart |
| pulse | beat of the heart as felt through the walls of the arteries |
| septum | partition or wall dividing a cavity; such as between the right and left atria and right and left ventricles |
| sinoatrial node (SA node) | pacemaker of the heart |
| sphygmomanometer | instrument to measure blood pressure |
| systemic circulation | flow of blood from body tisse to the heart and then from the heart back to the tissues |
| systole | contraction phase of the heartbeat |
| tricuspid valve | located between the right atrium and the right ventricle; it has three leaflets, or cusps |
| valve | structure in veins or in the heart that temporarily closes an opening so that blood flows in only one direction |
| vein | thin-walled vessel that carries blood from the body tissues and lungs, back to the heart |
| vena cava | largest vein in the body |
| ventricle | one of two lower chambers of the heart |
| venule | small vein |
| angi/o | vessel |
| aort/o | aorta |
| arter/o | artery |
| arteri/o | artery |
| ather/o | yellowish plaque, fatty substance |
| atri/o | atrium, upper heart chamber |
| brachi/o | arm |
| cardi/o | heart |
| cholesterol/o | cholesterol |
| coron/o | heart |
| cyan/o | blue |
| myx/o | mucus |
| ox/o | oxygen |
| pericardi/o | pericardium |
| phleb/o | vein |
| rrythm/o | rhythm |
| sphygm/o | pulse |
| steth/o | chest |
| thromb/o | clot |
| valvul/o | valve |
| valvu/o | valve |
| vas/o | vessel |
| ascul/o | vessel |
| ven/o | vein |
| ven/i | vein |
| ventricul/o | ventricle, lower heart chamber |
| arrhythmias | abnormal heart rhythms (dysrhythmias) |
| flutter | rapid but regular contractions, usually of the atria |
| fibrillation | very rapid, inefficent and irregular contractions of the heart |
| congenital heart disease | abnormallities in the heart at birth |
| septal defects | small holes in the wall between the atria (atrial septal defects) or the ventricles (ventricular septal defects) |
| tetraology of Fallot | congenital malformation involing four (tetra-) distinct heart defects |
| congestive heart failure | heart is unable to pump its required amount of blood |
| endocarditis | inflammation of the inner lining of the heart |
| hypertensive heart disease | high blood pressure affecting the heart |
| murmur | extra heart sound, heard between normal beats |
| pericarditis | inflammation of the membrane (pericardium) surrounding the heart |
| rheumatic heart disease | heart disease caused by rheumatic fever |
| aneurysm | local widening (dilation) of an arterial wall |
| Raynaud disease | recurretns episodes of pallor and cyanosis primarily in fingers and toes |
| vericose veins | abnormally swollen and twisted veins, usually occurring in the legs |
| AAA | abdominal aortic aneurysm |
| ACE inhibitor | angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor |
| ACLs | advanced cardiac life support |
| AED | automatic external defibrillator |
| AF, a-fib | atrial fibrillation |
| AICD | automatic implantable cardioverter-defibrillator |
| AMI | acute myocardial infarction |
| AS | aortic stenosis |
| AV, A-V | artrioventricular |
| BBB | bundle branch block |
| BNP | brain natriuretuc peptide |
| BP | blood pressure |
| CABG | coronary artery bypass grafting |
| CAD | coronary artery disease |
| Cath | catheterrization |
| CHF | congestive heart failure |
| CPR | cardiopulmonary resuscitation |
| DES | drug-eluting stent |
| DVT | deep vein thrombosis |
| ECG; EKG | electrocardiography |
| ECHO | echocardiography |
| EF | ejection fraction |
| HTN | hypertention (high blood pressure) |
| IABP | intra-aortic balloon pump |
| ICD | implantable cardioverter-defibrillator |
| LAD | left anterior descending |
| LVAD | left ventricular assist device |
| MI | myocardial infarction |
| NSR | normal sinus rhythm |
| NSTEMI | non-ST elevation myocardial infarction |
| PAC | premature atrial contraction |
| PAD | peripheral arterial disease |
| PCI | percutaneous coronary intervention |
| PE | pulmonary embolus |
| PVC | premature ventricular contraction |
| SA node | sinoatrial node |
| SOB | shortness of breath |
| STEMI | ST elevation myocardial infarction |
| SVT | supraventricular tachycardia; rapid heartbeats |
| TEE | transesophageal echocardiography |
| tPA | tissue-type plafminogen activator |
| UA | unstable angina |
| VF | ventricular fibrillation |
Created by:
sabrina.ray
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