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Stack #13913
World History Chapter 14
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Rennaisance | "rebirth" |
| Rennaisance dates | 1300-1500s |
| birthplace of Rennaisance | Italy, Florence |
| Rennaisance family | Medici |
| Cosimo de Medici | 1434 government control |
| Lorenzo the "Magnificant de Medici | patron represented Rennanisance idea |
| patron | finacial supporter of the arts |
| Rennaisance thinkers | focused on human experience in her and now |
| Christopher Columbus | 1492, sail to Americas |
| humanism | focused on worldly subjects rather than religious; believed that education should stimulate creative powers |
| Francesco Petarch | 1300s, Florentine humanist; Sonnets to Laura |
| perspective | make distant objects smaller; 3 dimensional |
| Leonardo de Vinci | studied anatomy for art |
| Sofonisba Anguissola | Italian painter, 1500s |
| Architecture | Gree, Roman columns, domes and arches |
| Filippo Brunelleschi | modeled dome on Pantheon in Italy |
| Leonardo de Vinci | born in 1452, Mona Lisa, The Last Supper |
| Michalangelo | Pieta,David,Sistine Chapel; St peter's in Rome |
| Raphael | The School of Athens |
| Baldassare Castiglione | The Book of the Courtier, court life |
| Niccolo Machiavelli | The Prince, end justifies the mean |
| Albrecht Durer | German Leonardo, engravings |
| Jan and Hubert van Eyck | Flemish painters in 1400s |
| Peter Paul Rubens | Flemish painter |
| Desiderius Erasmus | Dutch priest, translate Bible into vernacular |
| Thomas More | British "Utopia" ideal society |
| Francois Rabelais | French humanist, author |
| Willaim Shakespeare | 1590-1613 wrote 37 plays |
| Miquesl de Cervantes | Spain, early 1600s, Don Quixote |
| Johann Gutenberg | 1456, typed Bible on printing press |
| Printed books | educated Europeans to new ideas, knowldege |
| Protestant Reformation | reform in 1500s shatter Christian unity |
| indulgences | price paid for less time in purgatory |
| Martin Luther | German monk 1517, revolt against church |
| Johann Tetzel, German priest offered indulgence for sale | 1517 |
| 1517 | Luther wrote 95 theses against indulgences, posted list on church |
| recant | take back words said |
| 1521 | Pope excommincated Martin Luther |
| Wittenberg | town where Luther posted theses |
| Martin Luther's beliefs | salvation achieved through faith; Bible sole source of religious truth alone |
| Lutheran Church | church set up by Martin Luther;s followers |
| Protestant | "protestors" of papal authority |
| Reason for Spread of Protestants | Catholic church corruption; could throw off papal rule; seize church property |
| 1524 | peasants revolt to end serfdom, Luther denounced it |
| 1555 | Peace of Augsberg |
| Peace of Augsberg | Holy Roman Emperor Charles V reach settlement with princes that each prince would decide reliogion in his lands |
| John Calvin | French priest, predestination |
| predestination | God determined long ago who would gain salvation |
| Calvinists | divided people into saints and sinners |
| theocracy | government run by church leaders |
| French Calvinists | Huguenots |
| 1541 | Calvin set up theocracy in Geneva, Switzerlan |
| Calvinists faced opposition from | Catholics, Lutherans |
| Anabaptists | only adults should receive sacraments, babies not to be baptised |
| Descendents of Anabaptists | Baptists, Quakers, Mennonites, Amish |
| King Henry VIII, 1527 | wanted annulment, rejected papal authority |
| 1534 | Act of Supremeacy making Henry VIII supreme head of Church of England |
| Anglican Church | Church of England |
| 1547 | Henry VIII dies, Edward VI rules |
| Thomas Cranmer | Book of Common Prayer, Protestant service handbook |
| Mary Tudor | brought England back to Catholic, burned protestants |
| 1558 | Mary dies, Elizabeth I rules |
| Catholic Reformation | 1530s-1540s |
| Pope Paul III | reformation: revive moral authority of Church |
| Council Of Trent | 1545 |
| Council Of Trent | reaffirmation of Catholic views, 20 years |
| Inquistion | Church court to root out heresy |
| Index of Forbidden Books | Inquisition books not fit to read by Catholics |
| Ignatius of Loyola | founded Jesuits, Society of Jesus |
| 1540 | Jesuits founded |
| Teresa of Avila | Spanish nun, reform convents |
| Witch hunts | because of religious fervor |
| 1492 | Spain expels Jews |
| 1516 | Venice orders Jews to live in ghettos |
| 1550 | Pope Paul IV restricts Jews |
| 1609 | Gaileo Gailei telescope |
| Scientific Revolution | looked to the future |
| Nicolaus Copernicus propsed heliocentric model | 1543 |
| Johannes Kepler, | ellipse orbit |
| 1633 | Gaileo tried before Inquisition |
| scientific method | hypothesis, experimentation |
| Rene Descartes | emphasized human reasoning |
| Francis Bacon | emphasized experimentation and observation |
| Descartes | "I think, therefore, I am" |
| Issac Newton | force of gravity |
| 1686 | Newton, "Math Principles of Natural Philosophy |
| calculus | branch of math Newton developed |
| Robert Boyle, 1600s | elements versus compunds |
| 1543 | Andrew Vesalius, anatomy |
| Anthony von Leewenhoek | microscope |
| Shakepeare plays | tragedies, history, comedies |
Created by:
Flexfive
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