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Middle Ages.
Vocabulary.
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| The Franks | Germanic people from Gaul (modern day France & Switzerland) . |
| Convents | Religious communities built by the church for women (nuns). |
| Monasteries | Religious communities built by the church for men (monks). |
| Secular | Worldly (involved in politics & other social matters). |
| Tithe | Church tax. |
| The Papacy | The office of the Pope. |
| Clergy | Different ranks of Church leaders including priests, bishops, cardinals, & the Pope. |
| Lay Investiture | A ceremony in which kings & nobles appointed church official. |
| Simony | Selling of church positions. |
| Canon Law | Church law. |
| Sacraments | Important religious ceremonies. |
| Heretic | Anyone who does not conform to an established attitude, doctrine, or principle. |
| Feudalism | Social structure in medieval Europe including Lords, knights, vassals, serfs & sometimes a king. |
| Chivalry | Complex set of ideals or code by which medieval knights followed. |
| Manor | (In feudalism) the lord's estate. |
| Crusade | A holy war launched by Pope Urban II to reclaim the Hold Lord or Christians. |
| Common Law | Unified body of law in England formed by England's royal judges. |
| Magna Carta | Document drawn up by English nobles & approved by King John which guaranteed certain political rights for the people. |
| Parliament | Legislative group in England originally comprised of two burgesses (citizens of wealth & property) from every borough & two knights from every country. |
| Estates-General | Meeting of the three estates in France: 1st was the church leaders, 2nd was the great lords, & the 3rd was the commoners. |