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Middle ages
Term | Definition |
---|---|
The Franks | Germanic people from Gaul (modern day France and Switzerland |
Monasteries | Religious communities built by the church for men (monks) |
Convents | Religious communities built by the church for women (nuns) |
Secular | Worldly (involved in politics and other social matters) |
The Papacy | The office of the Pope |
Tithe | Church tax |
Clergy | Different ranks of Church leaders including priests, bishops, cardinals, and the Pope |
Lay Investiture | A ceremony in which kings and nobles appointed church officials |
Sacraments | Important religious ceremonies |
Simony | Selling of church positions |
Canon Law | Church law |
Heretic | Anyone who does not conform to an established attitude, doctrine, or principle |
Feudalism | Social structure in medieval Europe including lords, knights, vassals, serfs and sometimes a king. |
Manor | in feudalism) the lord’s estate |
Chivalry | Complex set of ideals or code by which medieval knights followed |
Crusade | A holy war launched by Pope Urban II to reclaim the Holy Land for Christians |
Common Law | Unified body of law in England formed by England’s royal judge |
Parliament | Legislative group in England originally comprised of two burgesses (citizens of wealth and property) from every borough and two knights from every county. |
Magna Carta | Document drawn up by English nobles and approved by King John which guaranteed certain political rights for the people |
Estates-General | Meeting of the three estates in France: 1st was the Church leaders, 2nd was the great lords, and the 3rd was the commoners |