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GSTR Mid-Term
Understandings of Christianity
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How does deuteronomistic history play a role in the story of Israel? | It is a lens through which history is interpreted and supports the idea that Israelites are god's people |
| What are the major parts of the Hebrew Bible and how did they develop? | Law, Prophets, Writings; Developed through male scribes and passing down oral tradition |
| What is the Septuagint and why is it important? | Greek-translation of Hebrew Bible; it formed basis for Christian bibles |
| Significance in the debate between historical jesus and jesus of faith? | Proves that christianity has historical foundations, but Jesus's miracles and deeds are based on faith bc it can't be proven |
| How would scholars describe jesus as a historical figure? | The idea of the messiah, meaning "annointed one" in Greek, and Christ is a title, not a name. |
| How did Early Christians read the OT? | Consists of 5 books of law (pentateuch), historical books, writings, and prophets. They focused on themes such as creation, Abraham, Exodus from Egypt, and prophecy. Greek, Catholic, and Protestants used order of Septuagint. |
| Characterization of Jesus in the Four Gospels? | 1) Matthew: Jesus in relation to Jewish nation and law 2) Mark: Jesus's good deeds rather than teachings 3) Luke: Jesus as savior for poor and needy; emphasis on Parables 4) John: wrote with needs of churches in Ephesus in mind |
| Jesus in Paul's writings? | Based from Jesus's teachings, "What matters is faith in God"; concerned with Jesus's 2nd coming |
| Jewish Christian images of Jesus in NT? | Titles of "Lord" and "Savior"; Jesus seen as prophet from Jewish POV; gospel writers were biased in their image of Jesus |
| Apocalyptic images of Jesus in NT? | Jesus will lift suffering and pain from lives of those living in New Jerusalem and oppressive and evil will be overcome |
| What is the relationship between the synoptic gospels? | 1st three gospels matthew, mark, john; basic understanding is that Jesus's words and deeds were passed down during ca. 30-60 |
| Logos in the prologue to the Gospel of John? | Logos=word in Greek; John used the term to recognize Jesus of the "divine logos" or, "word of god" |
| What is the key question in the christological debates? | What does God require of us?" with focus on scripture, creeds, and history |
| Significance of the councils of Nicea and Chalcedon? | 1) Nicea: Held in Bithynia by Constantine; settled issue of nature of Son of God to God the Father, observance of Easter and Nicaean creed 2) Chalcedon: Held in Asia Minor (modern Instanbul), separation of church of W. Roman empire |
| Three major components of Christian Orthodoxy? | 1) Father, Son, and Holy Spirit are distinct persons 2) Each is God 3) There is one God |
| How is salvation brought in E. Orthodoxy? | It is interpreted as modeling after the "likeness of god" |
| How is salvation brought in R. Catholicism? | Through baptism, actual grace, and good works |
| How is salvation brought in Protestantism? | It can be reached through faith alone, including prayer, bible reading, and church attendance. |
| What is the significance of Athanasius' Easter letter? | Approved by Quinisext council; listed 27 books of NT in use today; 1st compilations of present list of R. Catholic NT writings |
| What is Gnosticism? | Belief that material world created by the demiurge should be shunned and spiritual world embraced; influenced by ancient religions |
| What is the Leningrad Complex? | Oldest complete manuscript of Hebrew bible written in Hebrew using masoretic text |
| What is sinaiticus? | Ancient hand-written copy of greek bible written in 4th century; best greek texts of NT; contains most of both testaments, half of greek old testament along with complete NT epistle of Barnabus; portions of shepard of Hermus |
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