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World Hist

New Empires, Israelites, Hinduism, Buddhism

QuestionAnswer
Indo-Europeans Came out of steppes in region north of the Black Sea, influenced Greek, Latin, Persian, Sanskrit, Germanic; some people settled in Anatolia and helped to establish Hittite Kingdom
Hittites created empire between 1600-1200 BC; first people to learn to smelt; eventually weakened and defeated by Sea Peoples
smelting separating a metal from the ore
Sea Peoples confederacy of seafaring raiders who sailed into the eastern shores of the Mediterranean, invaded Cyprus, and the Levant; attempted to enter Egyptian territory
Phoenicians established colonies throughout Mediterranean;important product was Tyrian purple dye, created first phonetic alphabet
How many letters did the Phoenician alphabet have? 22, no vowels
Nubians located south of ancient Egypt, Egypt used as source of materials until its decline and they rose to power, ruled Egypt and Nile Valley from 751 BC to 671 BC
Israelites Semitic-speaking people south of Phoenicians; small group; religion was Judaism
Judaism world religion that influenced Islam and Christianity
Abraham patriarch of Jewish religion of Judaism; from Ur in Sumer, enters covenant with God
Abraham's Covenant Sole Recognition of Yahweh as supreme universal authority, Abraham would become father of great nation
Exodus escape of Israelites from captivity in Egypt
Moses leader of Exodus
King Solomon united tribes of Israel into Kingdom of Israel, son of King David; Jerusalem became capital of the kingdom, Israel reached power height
Temple of Solomon temple in Jerusalem became focal point of Jewish religion; remains known as the Wailing Wall
Kingdom of Israel/Kingdom of Judah after Solomon's death
Kingdom of Israel destroyed by Assyrians and scattered people in 722 BC known as lost tribes of Israel
Kingdom of Judah destroyed by Babylonians and King Nebuchadnezzar in 586 BC beginning Babylonian captivity; lasted until defeat of Babylonians by Cyrus the Great of Persian Empire
Diaspora scattering of Jewish people; two diasporas: 1st- Babylonian captivity which ended when Persian King Cyrus freed Jews to return to Jerusalem and rebuild temple; Jews scattered throughout Europe
Babylonian Captivity Kingdom of Judah destroyed by Babylonians and all Jews captured
Torah holy book of Judaism, laws of Jewish people, first five books of the Bible (Five Books of Moses)
Ten Commandments 10 laws written down; moral and religious guidelines
Brahman Brahman is all powerful spiritual force; Brahman is too complex to be understood, so it is divided into gods and goddesses
Hinduism seen as polytheistic, but some argue its not because all gods are part of one universal god
Caste System social division in India, born into caste and may not change caste within your lifetime
Brahmins Priests
Kshatryias warriors
Vaishya merchants, artisans, land owners (skilled workers)
Shudra workers, lowest caste (unskilled workers)
Untouchables 5% of society, not part of caste system, required to do dirty jobs other humans will not do, not allowed to associate with other castes, required to carry a noisemaker so others would know they were coming
Reincarnation belief that your soul will be reborn after death into another life; level of life depends on these things
Karma all actions in life that would affect next life
Dharma your duty; rules to follow to earn good karma; help keep lower castes in line
Yoga method of training the body to achieve oneness with Brahman; form of meditation, mastery over the mind, body, and emotional self
Buddhism world religion
Siddharta Gautama the Buddha, began life as a prince in India, born into wealthy, warrior caste, father lavished with wealth so hed never want to leave the palace, completely sheltered
Three Visions Saw someone in advanced old age Saw very sick person Saw a dead body
Nirvana enlightenment
Four Noble Truths all life is full of suffering we suffer because we desire way not to suffer is to overcome our desires follow the Eightfold path (Middle Way)
Created by: macgruver
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