Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Unit 1
Beginnings in History: 8000BC - 600BC
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Australopithecines | AKA Lucy; 1st human-like creature |
| Neolithic Revolution | Agricultural Revolution- people went from being hunter-gatherers to growing their own food and domesticating animals; started in fertile crescent. |
| Mesopotamia | "Cradle of civilization." The first civilization, Mesopotamia was located in present-day Iraq. It had unpredictable flooding with the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, was constantly at war and having internal power shifts, cuneiform, and the Epic of Gilgamesh |
| Cuneiform | 1st known system of writing; from Mesopotamia |
| Sumer | Well-known Mesopotamian city; known for wheel, calendar, 60-base number system |
| Code of Hammurabi | Mesopotamian; code that emphasized class and gender inequality. "Eye for an eye" |
| Egypt | One of the First Civilizations. It worked with and was blessed by the environment (predictable Nile), had pharaohs, and was protected by natural barriers. |
| Pharaoh | Egyptian leader with "divine kingship". Ruled during middle kingdom; some were female. |
| Diffusion | Something from one culture spreading to another with little movement by either. |
| Indus River Valley | Northern India; Mohenjo Daro and Harappa grid-based; were peaceful and traded long distance; conquered by Aryans |
| China | Shang and Zhou well-known dynasties; oracle bones and Mandate of Heaven |
| Oracle Bones | Scratch questions; toss it in the fire; retrieve and see answers given by ancestors |
| Shang Dynasty | 1st of the Chinese dynasties; had oracle bones |
| Zhou Dynasty | Longest of Chinese dynasties; had Mandate of Heaven |
| Mandate of Heaven | Said emperor (Son of Heaven) given right to rule by God and could do so so long as he were just |
| Indo-Europeans | Spread from Central Asia; rode horses; Aryans and Huns |
| Bantu | Group from north-central Africa who spread southward across the continent, bringing with them their language, farming, and ironwork |
| Hebrews | First monotheists; foundation for Christianity, Judaism, Islam |
| Homo Erectus | 1st hominid species to use fire in a controlled manner |
| Out of Africa Thesis | 1st human from here, in the grasslands of southeastern Africa |
| Aborigines | Came from East Africa/Madagascar and moved to Australia |
| Dreamtime | Alternate world viewed through rituals and drugs; showed where and when the world was created; connected them to their ancestors |
| Austronesian Migrations | Waterborne migrations that used oceangoing canoes and took place over a huge area of the planet; travelers brought with them agriculture and animals |
| Paleolithic Society | Hunter-gatherer societies; highly egalitarian; had more leisure time because wanted/needed less; altered natural environment |
| Human Revolution | Point at which humans stopped acting out of biological imperative and begin depending on learned ways of living- culture |
| Intensification | getting more food from a smaller area of land; happened by growing rather than gathering |
| End of Last Ice Age | May have led to megafaunal extinction; warmer, wetter and more stable conditions |
| Women | Were equal to men during Paleolithic times; probably responsible for Neolithic Revolution; as civilization increased, their power decreased |
| Pastoral Society | Existed where farming was difficult; depended on animals; mobile; clans/tribes; Central Asia, Arabian Peninsula, Sahara |
| Agricultural Village Society | Lots of freedom; based on kinship; some inequality |
| Chiefdoms | Power passed through the generations; charisma, gifts and religious status were a chief's tools; tributes; chiefs controlled army, economy, food supply |
| Catalhuyuk | Buried dead in their homes and then built over them; traveled by rooftop; could see enemies and protection from flooding |
| Banpo | Early Chinese Neolithic village |
| Norte Chico | Earthen mounds; ceremonial structures; not much economic specialization; based on fishing industry; no walls; no writing - QUIPUS |
| Olmec | In South Mexico; sister crops; elaborate architecture and basalt heads |
| Birth of Civilization | Arose due to needs of elite group, needs for irrigation, and needs for security |
| Quipu | Knotted cords used for accounting purposes in Norte Chico |
| Slavery in First Civilizations | Were formerly prisoners of war, criminals or debtors; for work and occasionally sacrifice; first largest in Mesopotamia |
| Patriarchy | Men ruled. They were more involved in laborious agriculture, social affair (women rearing children) and military. Women POWs were first slaves |
| Role of State Authority in Civilization | Complex city life requires regulation; often directly associated with divine sanction; could often write/read; lavish lifestyles |
| Political Mesopotamia v. Political Egypt | Meso: divided; kings; warfare; walls; urban Egypt: unified; pharaohs; peace; geographical barriers; rural |
| Mesopotamia v. Egypt: Environment | Meso: environ. made it open and vulnerable; unpredictable flooding; irrigation harmed soil; deforestation and erosion Egypt: protection; predictable flooding; worked with environment |
| Mesopotamia v. Egypt: Culture | Meso: Disordered; quarreling gods; hopeless Egypt: Orderly; sunrise and floods brought by gods; hopeful |
| Epic of Gilgamesh | 1st epic; death is a journey in which there is no turning back |
| Stratification | "Grouping": civilization broken down by class |
| Jericho | Argued (v. Catalhuyuk) to be the first city |
| Bronze | 1st useful metal |
| Domestication | Taming of plants and animals for home use |
| Hieroglyphics | Egyptian writing system based off of cuneiform |
| Osiris | Egyptian god of the dead |
Created by:
1314madisanmiller
Popular World History sets