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Muslim Empires

These are the vocabulary for the Gunpowder Empires.

TermDefinition
ghazi A ghazi is a warrior for Islam. During the 13th century, ghazis in Anatolia under Osman created a kingdom that would become the Ottoman Empire.
Ottoman Followers of Osman were known as Ottomans. They created a powerful Sunni Muslim empire in Anatolia that eventually included lands in Africa, Asia, and Europe.
sultan The leader of the Ottomans used the title "sultan". The first Ottoman ruler to use this title was Orkhan I.
Timur the Lame Timur the Lame was a descendant of Gengis Khan who wanted to reestablish the Mongol Empire. He destroyed Delhi in 1398, and halted the expansion of the Ottoman Empire in 1402.
Mehmed II Mehmed II led the Ottoman army's conquest of Constantinople. He renamed the city "Istanbul", and opened the city to new citizens of many religions.
Suleyman the Lawgiver Suleyman was the greatest Ottoman sultan. He expanded the empire into Europe, Africa, and the Middle East. He created a single law code for the empire, and led it into a cultural golden age.
devshirme The devshirme system took boys from Christian families in Europe, converted them to Islam, educated them, and then put them in the service of the sultan as either soldiers (janissaries) or government officials.
janissary The janisarries were an elite fighting force taken through the devshirme system. They were only loyal to the sultan, and played an important role in the expansion of the Ottoman Empire.
Safavid The Safavid Empire was a Shi'a Muslim empire located in Persia. It is an example of cultural blending.
Isma'il Isma'il was the first Safavid leader to use the title "shah" or "king". He converted the empire to Shi'a Islam, and expanded its borders to include all of Persia.
shah Shah is the Safavid title for "king". It was first used by Isma'il.
Shah Abbas Shah Abbas was the greatest Safavid ruler. He led the empire to its cultural golden age. By bringing foreigners into the government, he established trade. He also brought into Chinese artists to help create some of the empire's beautiful mosques.
Esfahna Esfahan was the capital built by Shah Abbas. It was considered to be one of the most beautiful cities in all of the world.
Mughal Mughal is the Persian-Indian word for "Mongol". Babur, a descendent of Genghis Khan and Timur the Lame, wanted to reestablish the Mongol Empire in India.
Babur Babur was the founder of the Mughal Empire. He conquered Delhi by defeating 100,000 troops with only an army of 12,000.
Akbar Akbar was the greatest Mughal ruler. He expanded the empire to include over 100 million people (more than all of Europe's population), and led the empire into a cultural golden age.
Sikh The Sikhs were a nonviolent religious group whose beliefs contain elements of Hinduism and Islam. After sheltering Jahangir's son, they became the target of Mughal hatred. Later, they would transform themselves into a brotherhood of warriors.
Shah Jahan Shah Jahan was a Mughal emperor who built a beautiful tomb for his wife after she died in childbirth. This tomb is the Taj Mahal. The money and focus this tomb and other building projects left the people to suffer greatly.
Taj Mahal This Mughal monument was built by Shah Jahan as a tomb for his wife. It is considered to be one of the most beautiful buildings in the world.
Aurangzeb He was the son of Shah Jahan who expanded the Mughal Empire, but also saw his empire weaken. He persecuted non-Muslims, which lead to revolts by rajputs and Sikhs. Eventually, the empire would collapse because of his leadership.
Created by: calebgunnels
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