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Anthropology 1 Ch.6
Ch. 6
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| phenotypic variation | external observable characterisitcs developed by genetic make up and life history |
| evolutionary process of human variation | genetice diversity within and between popultaions |
| enviornmental human variation | variation that springs from unique life experiences in specific enviornemtns |
| culture human variation | stemming from culture beliefs and practices during formative years and reinforced throughout life |
| gene pool | populations total completment of genes |
| polymorphism | two or more alleles with alternate forms |
| polytypic | species made up of populations that can be distinguished based on discrete physical traits |
| mutations | random changes in the genetic code |
| natural selction | determines which new mutation will enter population |
| genetic drift | process of selection that alter allele frequencies |
| gene flow | human triats that are evenly distributed throughout a population |
| endogamy | marriage to someone within thier own group |
| body hair | most significant physical difference between humans and primates (sweat glands due to climate in humans) |
| continouous variation | differences cannot be divided into discrete readily definable colors but continue variations |
| polygenetic triat | consequences of alleles in more than one gene |
| melanin | dark pigment that primarliy determines light or darkenss of skin |
| melanogytes | produces melanin |
| hemoglobin | a protien that has iron and gives red blood cells its color |
| carotene | orange yellow pigment |
| phrenology | belief that a careful study of the bumps of the cranium could be used to read an individuals personality or mental abilities or even the future |
| example of polymorephism | A,B,O blood types (alleles) |
| antigens | substances that promote the production of antibodies |
| antibodies | protiens that combat foreign subatnaces entering the body |
| sickle cell anemia | a genetic disease arising from lethal genes that cause severe disabilities |
| balaced polymorphism | when a homozygous and heterzygous gene exist in a state of relative stability ie sickle cell anemia that protects against malaria |
| lactase | digestive enzyme resposible for digesting lactose |
| lactose | sugar in milk |
| astoralism | reliance on domesticated animals ie. cows, sheeps and goats |
| acclimatization | the physiological process of becoming accustomed to a new eviornment |
| developmental acclimatization | when individuals return to lower altitudes, thier bodies and breathing revert to earlier statuses |
| hypoxia | oxygen deficiency |
| urbanization | concentration of populaitons into large urban centers |
| folk taxonomies | unscientific classification based on skin color and other cultural characterisistics |
| continuous variation | when characterisitcs exhibit a specturm from one extreme to another |
| mongrelization | interbreeding |
| racism | an ideology that advocates the superiority of one certian race and the inferiority of others |
| geographical race | populations isolated from one another by natural barriers ie. ocenas, mtns. |
| clines | distribution of individual traits on maps by zones |
| clines distribution | can be linked to a weather map |
| multivariate analysis | examines the interrelationsip among a number of different triats |
| intellegence | the capacity to process and evalute information for problem solving |
| knowledge | storage and recall of learned info |
Created by:
ssnyder1993
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