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Anthropology 1 Ch.5
Ch. 5
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| hominid | primate species that have distinct range of features in thier teeth, jaw and brain that represent adaptations from different enviornments |
| bipedalism | the ability to walk upright on two legs |
| australopithecus | first homo sapien |
| anamensis/ afarensist | earliest homo sapiens |
| foramen magnum | the opening in the base of the skull which the spinal cord passes |
| prgnathic | protruding face or jaw |
| diastema | characteristics of early hominids as well as living apes and monkeys (gorillas and baboones) but apsent in humans |
| sagittal crest | a bony ridge along the top of the skull that grows larger as more chewing muscles real along the mid line of the cranium |
| ardipithecus ramidus | most widley accepted oldes hominids |
| nutcracker man (australopithecus boisei) | found in eastern africa, much larger than other s in its species hint its name |
| Black Skull | 2.5 million year old skull found in eastern africa and was turned color black/ blue by manganese in soil |
| homo habilis and homo rudolfensis (genus) | first two from genus Homo |
| homo erectus | found in africa, 1.8-400,000 years old, possible 50,000 years old, some similarities with modern humans |
| Turkana Boy | skeleton of homo erectus 8 year old boy at Lake Turkana |
| Java Man | asian homo erectus found on indonesian island called java |
| peking man | homo erectus found in beijing, lived between 230,000-460,000 years ago |
| transitional forms | h. erectus or early h. sapiens from 200,000-400,000 years ago |
| postorbital constriction | front portion of the skull is narrow while the high forehead of h. sapiens is absent |
| replacement model | africans orgin of modern humans |
| multi evolutionary model | gradual evolution of h. erectus to h. sapiens then modern humans over the past 2 1/2 million years |
| hybridization/ assimilation model | varying degrees of gene flow between h. sapiens and earlier populaitons of h. sapiens |
| mitochondiral eve | DNA in uppoer portion of cell that coverts cellular matieral into energy needed for cellular activity |
| Archaic H. Sapiens | follows evolutionary path of transitional form of h. erectus to modern h. sapiens |
| neanderthal man | second rate hominids extinct due to smarter modern humans (30,000-130,000 years ago) |
Created by:
ssnyder1993
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