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Bonewit Chapt 4
Vital Signs (Stacy Maloon)
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| adventitious sounds | abnormal breath sounds |
| afebrile | without fever; the body temperature is normal |
| alveolus | a thin walled air sac of the lungs in which the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place |
| antecubital space | the space located at the front of the elbow |
| antipyretic | an agent that reduces fever |
| aorta | the major trunk of the arterial system of the body. The aorta arises from the upper surface of the left ventricle |
| apnea | the temporary cessation of breathing |
| axilla | the armpit |
| bounding pulse | a pulse with an increased volume that feels very strong and full |
| bradycardia | an abnormally slow heart rate |
| bradypnea | an abnormal decrease in the respiratory rate of less than 10 respirations per minute |
| Celsius scale | a temperature scale on which the freezing point of water is 0 degress and the boiling point of water is 100 degress also called the centigrade scale |
| conduction | the transfer of energy, such as heat, from one object to another by direct contact |
| convection | the transfer of energy, such as heat, through air currents |
| crisis | a sudden falling of an elevated body temperature to normal |
| cyanosis | a bluis discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes |
| diastole | the phase in the cardiac cycle in which the heart relaxes between contractions |
| diastolic pressure | the point of lesser pressure on the arterial wall, which is recorded during diastole |
| dyspnea | shortness of breath or difficulty in breathing |
| dysrhythmia | an irregular rhythm; also termed arrhythmia |
| eupnea | normal respiration the rate is 16 to 20 respirations per miniute the rhythm is even and regular and the depth is normal |
| exhalation | the act of breathing out |
| Fahrenheit scale | a temperature scale on which the freezing point of water is 32 and the boiling point of water is 212 |
| febrile | pertaining to fever |
| fever | a body temperature that is above normal; synonym for pyrexia |
| frenulum linguae | the midline fold that connects the undersurface of the tongue with the floor of the mouth |
| hyperpnea | an abnormal increase in the rate and depth of respiration |
| hyperpyrexia | an extremely high fever |
| hypertension | high blood pressure |
| hyperventilation | an abnormally fast and deep type of breathing, usually associated with acute aniexty conditions |
| hypopnea | an abnormal decrease in the rate and depth of respiration |
| hypotension | low blood pressure |
| hypothermia | a body temperature that is below normal |
| hypoxemia | a decrease in the oxygen saturation of the blood. hypoxemia may lead to hypoxia |
| hypoxia | a reduction in the oxygen supply to the tissues of the body |
| inhalation | the act of breathing in |
| intercostal | between the ribs |
| korotkoff sounds | sounds hearing during the measurement of blood pressure that are used to determine the systolic and diastolic blood pressure readings |
| malaise | a vague sense of body discomfort, weakness,and fatigue that often marks the onset of a disease and continues through the course of the illness |
| manometer | an instrument for measuring pressure |
| meniscus | the curved surface on a column of liquid in a tube |
| orthopnea | the condition in which breathing is easier when an individual is in a sitting or standing position |
| pulse oximeter | a computerized device consisting of a probe and a monitor used to measure the oxygen saturation of arterial |
| pulse oximetry | the use of a pule oximeter to measure the oxygen saturation of arterial blood |
| pulse pressure | the difference between the systolic and diastolic pressures |
| pulse rhythm | the time interval between heartbeats |
| pulse volume | the strength of the heartbeat |
| radiation | the transfer of energy, such as heat, in the form of waves |
| saturation of arterial oxygen | abbreviation for the percentage of hemoglobin that is saturated with oxygen in arterial blood |
| sphygmomanometer | an instrument for measuring arterial blood pressure |
| saturation of peripheral oxygen | abbreviation for the percentage of hemoglobin that is saturated with oxygen in arterial blood as measured by a pulse oximeter |
| stethoscope | an instrument used for amplifying and heating sounds produced by the body |
| systole | the phase in the cardiac cycle in which the ventricles contract, sending blood out of the heart and into the aorta and pulmonary aorta |
| systolic pressure | the point of maximum pressure on the arterial walls, which is recorded during systole |
| tachycardia | an abnormally fast heart rate |
| tachypnea | an abnormal increase in the respiratory rate of more than 20 respirations per minute |
| thread pulse | a pulse with a decreased volume that feels weak and thin |
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