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Studyhelper #13 A&P
Studyhelper #13 A & P
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How many bones are in the body? | The are 206 bones. |
| Ankylosis | Stiff joint |
| Arthritis | Joint inflammation often accompanied by pain, swelling, stiffness & deformity |
| Bursitis | Inflammation of a bursa |
| Degenerative Joint Disease | Osteoarthritis ( wear and tear arthritis) |
| Diastasis | In surgery injury to a bone involving separation of an epiphysis |
| Dislocation | The temporary displacement of a bone from its normal position in a joint |
| Ganglion Cyst | A cystic tumor developing on a tendon or aponeurosis. Sometimes on back of wrist. |
| Genu Valgum | Knock-knees |
| Genu Varum | Bowleg |
| Gout | A common group of arthritic disorders marked by the deposition of monosodium urate crystals in joint and other tissues. Usually begins int he knee or first metatarsophalangeal joint of the foot |
| Hallux Malleus | Hammertoe of the great toe |
| Rheumatoid Arthritis | A chronic systemic disease marked by inflammation of multiple synovial joints |
| Spinal Curvature | Abnormal curavature of the spine frequently in children |
| Spondylolisthesis | Any forward slipping of one vertebra on the one below it. |
| Sprain | Trauma to ligaments that causes pain and disability depending on the degree of injury. In severe sprain can be completely torn |
| Tendinitis | Inflammation of a tendon |
| Tenosynovitis | An inflammation of a tendon sheath |
| Tensor | A muscle that stretches or tightens a body part |
| Inflammation of the sartorius bursa located over the medial side of the tibia just below the knee which causes pain upon climbing stairs? | Anserine Bursitis |
| The large bursa lying between the acromiom and the coracoacromial ligament above and the insertion of the supraspinatus muscle below. (subdeltoid bursa) | Subacromial Bursa |
| A bursa located between the tendon of Achilles and the calcaneus? | Achilles Bursa |
| A bursa at the elbow joint lying between the olecranon process and the skin? | Olecranon Bursa |
| Suprapatellar, infrapatellar, prepatellar? | Bursae located in the region of the patella |
| How is Hepatitis C transmitted | Infected blood, contaminated needles, cuts;mucosal exposures |
| How is Hepatitis A transmitted (viral)? | Food or water contamined with feces, mouth to intestine |
| How is Hepatitis B transmitted (viral & delta hepatitis)? | Exposure to body fluids including sexual activity, injection drug abuse or surgery, contact with blood |
| How is influenza transmitted? | Respiratory droplets or objects contaminated with discharges |
| How is Pneumonia transmitted? | Respiratory droplets, through mouth and nose to lungs |
| Outer portion of gland on top of each kidney? | Adrenal Cortex |
| Inner portion of adrenal gland; surrounded by adrenal cortex? | Adrenal Medulla |
| Gland in abdominal cavity; adjacent to duodenum;close to spleen and kidney? | Pancreas (endocrine portion) |
| Four or more small glands on back of thyroid? | Parathyroid |
| Front portion of small gland below hypothalamus? | Pituitary Anterior |
| Back portion of small gland below hypothalamus? | Pituitary, posterior |
| In the scrotum? | Testes |
| Female-in the pelvic cavity? | Ovaries |
| Two lobes in anterior portion of neck? | Thyroid |
| Cortisol regulates carbohydrate and fat metabolism;aldosterone regulates salt and water balance. Which gland? | Adrenal Cortex |
| Effects of epinephrine and norepinephrine mimic those of sympathetic nervous system;increased carbohydrate use for enery. Which gland? | Adrenal Medulla |
| Secretes insulin and glucagon, which regulate carbohydrate metabolism?. Which gland? | Pancreas (endocrine portion) |
| Parathyroid hormone regulates calcium and phosphorus metabolism, indirectly affects muscular irritability. Which gland? | Parathyroid |
| Influences growth, sexual development, skin pigmentation, thyroid function, adreno-cortical function thru effects on other endocrine glands. Which gland? | Pituitary Anterior |
| Oxytocin increases uterine contraction. Antiduretic hormone? Which gland? | Pituitary Posterior |
| Produces testosterone and regulates sexual maturation and development of secondary sex characteristics;some effect on growth. Which gland? | Testes |
| Produces estrogen. Which gland? | Ovaries |
| Thyroxine and T3 increase metabolic rate;influence growth and maturation;calcitonin regulates calcium and phosphorus metabolism. Which gland? | Thyroid |
| Hypofunction of Pancreas causes? | Diabetes Mellitus |
| Hypofunction of Pituitary anterior gland? | Dwarfism in child;decrease in all other endocrine gland functions except parathyroids |
| Genu Recurvatum? | Hyperextension at the knee joint |
| Any structure of angular form resembling a bent knee? | Genu |
| Hallux Dolorosus | Pain in the metatarsophalangeal joint of the great toe resulting from flatfoot. |
| Hallux Valgus? | Displacement of the great toe toward theother toes |
| Hallux Varus? | Displacement of the great toe away from the other toes |
| Hallux Rigidus? | A restriction or loss of motion of the joint connecting the great toe to the metatarsal. Pain occurs upon walking |
| Arthrochondritis? | Inflammation of an articular cartilage |
| Arthrokinematics? | Description of the movement of the joint surfaces whan a bone moves through a range of motion. |
| Arthrogryposis? | Fixation of a joint in a flexed or contracted position |
| Arthrosclerosis? | Stiffening or hardening of the joints especially in the aged |
| Spinalis? | A muscle attached to the spinal process of a vertebra |
| Spinal Nerve? | One of the nerves arising from the spinal cord; 31 pairs |
| What are 31 pairs of spinal nerves? | 8 cervical, 12 thoracic, five lumbar, five sacral and one coccygeal. |
| How are the spinal nerves attached? | Each spinal nerve is attached to the spinal cord by two roots: a dorsal or posterior sensory root and a ventral or anterior motor root |
| Spondylexarthrosis? | Dislocation of a vertebra |
| Spondylrthritis? | Inflammationof the joints of the vertebrae;arthritis of the spine |
| Spondylalgia? | Painful condition of a vertebra |
| Strain | To injure by making a too strong an effect or by excessive use |
| Tendon action? | Passive movement of a joint when a two-joint or multijoint muscle is stretched across it. |
| Tendinosis? | Degeneration of a tendon from repetitive microtrauma; collagen degeneration |
| Tenalgia Crepitans? | An inflammation of a tendon sheath that on movement results in a crackling sound |
| Tendon cell? | One of the fibroblasts of white fibrous connective tissue of tendons that are arranged in parallel rows |
| What muscle would be involved in frozen shoulder? | Subscapularis |
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