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The Cold War- Begin

The Beginning of the Cold War- Key Dates and Facts

QuestionAnswer
What are the main beliefs of democracy? Individuals competing to make as much money as they can (capitalism)and that individuals have inalienable freedoms and choose their own government
What are the main beliefs of communism? The state provides all- owns all businesses, gives all goods. There is one party which represents the views of everyone in the country. Individual freedoms are not necessary.
What made Stalin suspicious pre-1939 and why? Neville Chamberlain's Appeasement Policy. To attempt to pacify Hitler, Chamberlain agreed to let him have Poland. Stalin was suspicious and thought Britain was trying to vaguely support facism in the hope of ending Communism
When was the Yalta Conference and what happened in it? Febuary, 1945. The four superpowers agreed to divide up Germany into four temporary occupation zones, between Britain, France, USSR and the USA.
When was the Potsdam Conference and what happened in it? July 1945. It was agreed that each nation could control their own sectors. Truman told Stalin about the USA's atomic bomb that they were going to drop on Japan- but Stalin already knew about it due to espionage.
When was the Iron Curtain speech and what was Stalin's reaction? March 1946. "An Iron Curtain has descended across the continent" Stalin called Churchill "racist", and compared him to Hitler.
When was the Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan? Why did they happen? Both in 1947. They were changes to the USA's traditionally isolationist foreign policy by believing that the USA had an obligation to support "free peoples who are resisting subjugation". To prevent communism.
What was the Soviet retaliation? They created COMINFORM- the Soviet version of the Truman Doctrine. All Communist countries in Europe now essentially had to follow Moscow's orders.
Why did the Berlin Airlift happen? The Marshall Plan extended their offer of economic prosperity to Eastern Germany. Stalin, convinced the British were trying to take over his sector, banned his sector from recieving it. But it came anyway. So he decided to completely cut off his sector.
What was a consequence of the Berlin Airlift? NATO being formed in 1949. Berlin Airlift reinforced US suspicions about Soviet activity in Europe. "An armed attack on one... shall be considered an armed attack on all."
What happened 1950-1953? Korean War. The Communists supplied and backed the Communist North, USA supported the Democratic South. "If we let Korea down, the Soviets will keep on going and swallow up one piece of Asia after another." -Truman
What happened in 1955 and what were the consequences? West Germany joined NATO. USSR devised the Warsaw Pact- made up of all of Eastern Europe's Communist states. Europe divided.
What was the Hungarian Uprising in 1956 inspired by? Stalin dying, the Austrian State Treaty that made Austria a neutral country, Feb 1956 speech by Kruschev criticizing Stalin, Polish uprising also in 1956
What happened in October 1956? Hungarian Uprising. 30,000 people killed as Soviets storm Hungary, executing their moderate Prime Minister Imre Nagy. Hungarians requested help from the
What happened in 1958? China's Great Leap Forward. Complete failure by 1961. Soviets call it "faulty in design" "unorthodox" and by 1961, 30,000 people starved to death.
Created by: simseloise
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