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History of Medicine
Chapter 1
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Anatomy | The structure of an organism or the science of the morphology/structure of organisms |
| Anestesia | Partial/complete loss of sensation with/without loss of conciousness, induced by administration of an anesthetic agent. |
| Disease | literally the lack of ease, or illness/suffering. |
| Germs (pathogens) | organisms that cause diseases. |
| Transfusion | Injection of blood, blood products ot IV solutions into veins. |
| Vaccination | Inoculation with a vaccine to achieve resistance against infectious disease. |
| Apothecaries | People who prepared and sold drugs and medicine. |
| Germ Theory (Louis Pasteur) | Theory that states that diseases and illnesses are caused by microorganisms (viruses and bacteria) |
| Retrovirus | Any RNA virus that insert a DNA copy into the cell (i.e: HIV, AIDS...) |
| Bacteriostatic | Inhibits(deaccelerates) bacterial growth; does not kill it. |
| Bacteriocidal | Stops and kills bacterial growth. |
| Clara Barton | Founder of the Red Cross (1881). |
| Leonardo Da Vinci | Artist who used dissection to draw the human body. |
| Sir Alexander Fleming | Discovered penicillin (1928). |
| Benjamin Frankin | Study of electricity. |
| Hippocrates | The father of Medicine. |
| Edward Jenner | Developed Smallpox vaccine (1796). |
| Florence Nightingale | Founder of modern nursing. |
| Louis Pasteur | Began pasteurization to kill bacteria; germ theory. |
| Romans | Sanitation and sewer building. |
| Jonas Salk | Developed polio vaccine (1952). |
| Ancient believes about cause of disease/illness | Caused by evil spirits and demons. |
| Hippocrates 4 things to keep body healthy | Good diet, cleanliness, Clean air and exercise. |
| Main method used in the Dark Ages to treat illnesses/diseases | Prayers. |
| 4 diseases that shortened life span during the Middle Ages | Bubonic plague, smallpox, diphtheria, tuberculosis. |
| Dissection's major advance in health care during the Middle Ages | Understanding the human body and finding connections. |
| Importance of the stethoscope | Enabled physicians to study internal organs and relate them to diseases if present. |
| Pasteurization occurs with... | Heat. |
| Michael Angelo | Renaissance artist that drew human bodies accurately |
| AIDS were identified as a disease in... | 1980 |
| X-rays... | Were accidentally discovered |
| Joseph Lister | began to use desinfectants and antiseptics during surgery. |
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