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AP World History
Valhalla High School Bentley AP World ch. 5
| Term | Definition | Significance | Unit | Time Period | Chapter | Region |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| staple foods (rice, millet, wheat, barley) | Neolithic villages throughout the valley of Yangzi Rv. depended on rice.Millet came under cultivation farther north in the valley of Huang He. in later centuries, wheat and barley made their way to northern China where they supplemented millet as staple | provided a surplus amount of food that was able to support a greater population | 1 | n/a | 5 | China |
| Xia | Chinese dynasty that is known mainly from legend. Founded by sage-king Yu with the organization of flood control projects. | Established a precedant for hereditary monarchy. one of the first efforts to organize public life in China on a large scale. | 1 | 2200-1766 B.C.E. | 5 | China |
| "China's sorrow" | The Yellow River, also known as "China's sorrow" or Huang He, is a boisterous and unpredictable river in northern China that periodically unleashes a tremendous flood that devastates anything in its way | The Yellow River picks up vast quantities of loess soil and spreads it along the banks of the river. Loess soil is extremely furtile and easy to work so that cultivators could bring in generous harvests | 1 | n/a | 5 | northern China |
| Shang | Chinese kingdom in which agricultural surpluses supported large armies and a large network of walled towns. | Under the Shang dynasty, the Chinese were accomplished bronze workers, use horse drawn chariots, develop the spoked wheel, become experts in pottery and silk, devise a decimal system and a highly accurate calendar. | 1 | 1766-1122 B.C.E. | 5 | China |
| "mandate of heaven" | Chinese belief that the emperors ruled through the mandate, or approval, of heaven contingent on their ability to look after the welfare of the population. | On the basis of this reasoning, spokesmen were able to explain the fall of the Shang and the transfer of the mandate of heaven to the Zhou. Emperors of the Zhou dynasty took the title of the "son of heaven" until the twentieth century. | 1 | - 20th century | 5 | China |
| royal court | (blank) | (blank) | 1 | (blank) | (blank) | (blank) |
| cowrie shells | served both as money and exotic ornamentation; found in the graves of Shang kings ie Sanxingdui | indicate close relationships with societies in the valleys of both the Yangzi River and the Yellow River | 1 | n/a | 5 | China |
| extended family | An important institution in many ancient civilizations, especially in Shang China, in which there were multiple generations of the same family lived in the same household in a patriarchal structure. | Because Shang religiong held that gods controlled all aspects of peoples lives;people also believed that they could call on spirits of their dead ancestors to act as their advocates with the gods. this gave the extended family even greater significance | 1 | 1600-1100 B.C.E. | 5 | China |
| consort | (blank) | (blank) | 1 | (blank) | (blank) | (blank) |
| Dynasty | family line of rulers | First there were small agriculutral towns. But then the Xia, Shang, & Zhou dynasties emerged and brought much of China under authority and laid a political foundation for the development of a distinctive Chinese society. | 1 | n/a | 5 | China |
| Loess | An extremely fine, powderlike soil that was deposited on the plains of northern China. | So much loess builds up in the Yellow river(China's sorrow) that the water turns yellow & the river takes on the cosistency of soup. The soil gradually builds up, raising the river bed and forcing the water out of its usual path, causing a terrible flood. | 1 | n/a | 5 | The northern plains of China. |
| Hereditary State | (blank) | (blank) | 1 | (blank) | 5 | China |
| Zhou | Chinese dynasty that was the foundation of Chinese thought formed during this period: Confucianism, Daoism, Zhou Classics. Relied on decentralized government. | Articulated a set of principles that have influenced Chinese thinking about govt. and political legitimacy over the long term. | 1 | 1122-256 B.C.E. | 5 | China; the Wei River valley of northwestern China9(modern Shaanxi province) |
| Decentralized Administration | Zhou rulers entrusted power, authority, and responsibility to subordinates who in return owed allegiance, tribute, and military support to the central government. | Taxes and tributes for subordinates accounted for the major part of Zhou finances. Provided military forces. But, eventually subordinates estb. their own bases of power, thus separating themselves from the Zhou dynasty. | 1 | Zhou dynasty 1122-256 B.C.E. | 5 | China; the Wei River valley of northwestern China9(modern Shaanxi province) |
| Artisans | Skilled workers; i.e. jewlers, jade workers, embroiderers, manufacturers of silk textiles, etc. | Worked exculsively for the privileged classes and enjoyed a reasonably comfortable lifestyle. Benefited because of their importance to the ruling elites. | 1 | n/a | 5 | China |
| Ancestor Veneration | The Belief that the spirits of their ancestors passed into another realm of existance from which they had the power to support and protect their survivng family memebers if they displayed proper respect and attended the ancestors needs. | Led to a stong ethic of family solidarity. Also, with no organized relgion in ancient China, the father performed the ceremonies of ancerstor veneration, and thus his role and authority in the family was streghthened. | 1 | n/a | 5 | China |
| Oracle Bones | The principal instruments used to foretell the future during Shang times. Diviners used these special bones to inscribe questions upon them, then they heated them in a fire. After that, they studied the cracks and patterns which revelaed the answer. | Offer the earliest glimpse into the tradition of Chinese writing. Also allowed Historians to get a understanding of the political and social order of Shang times, because many of the questions came from royal archives. | 1 | Shang Dynasty 1766-1122 B.C.E. | 5 | China and the Anyang valley |
| Steppe Nomads | Nomadic people who built pastoral societies in the grassy steppe lands of central Asia. | Domesticated and rode horses, and were then able to herd their other animals more effectively and push deeper into the steppes. Learned bronze metallurgy and introduced heavy weapons. | 1 | 4000 B.C.E. | 5 | The grassy steppe lands of central Asia. |
Created by:
giselljaime
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