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Chapter 2:Population
Vocabulary definitions
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Demography | The scientific study of population characteristics |
Demographic Transition | The process of change in a society's population from a condition of high crude birth and death rates and low rate of natural increase, and a higher total population |
Ecumene | The portion of Earth's surface occupied by permanent human settlement |
Epidemiology | The branch of medical science concerned with the incidence, distribution, and control of diseases that are prevalent among a population at a special time and are produced by some special causes not generally present in the affected locality |
Epidemic Transition | Distinctive causes of death in each stage of the demographic transition |
Pandemic | Disease that occurs over a wide geographic area and affects a very high portion of the population |
CBR (Crude Birth Rate) | The total number of live births in a year for every 1,000 people alive in society |
CDR (Crude Death Rates) | The total number of deaths in a year for every 1,000 people alive in society |
Dependency Ratio | The number of people under the age of 15 and over age 64 compared to the number of people active in the labor force |
Doubling Time | The number of years needed to double a population, assuming a constant rate of natural increase |
IMR (Infant Mortality Rate) | The total number of death in a year among infants |
TFR (Total Fertility Rate) | The average number of children a woman will have throughout her childbearing years |
ZPG (Zero Population Growth) | A decline of the total fertility rate to the point where the natural increase rate equals zero |
RNI (NRI) Rate of Natural Increase | The percentage growth of a population in a year, computed as the crude birth rate minus the crude death rate |