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Studyhelper #9
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What helps produce heat and helps maintain body temperature? | Muscle contraction |
| What is responsible for movement in any form and helps the organism tomove in the internal & external environment? | Muscular system |
| What comprises bones, marrow & joints, suports body, attaches muscle, allows movement, protect tissues & organs? | Skeletal System |
| What protects the body from environmental hazards & maintains the core temperature? | Integumentary system (skin) |
| What is fluid called that surrounds all cells & body systems? | Internal Environment |
| The condition of constancy in the Internal Environment is called? | Homeostasis |
| What study relates to the study & function of the various parts of the body? | Physiology |
| What are the 3 parts of the small intestine? | Duodenum-jejunum-ileum |
| What connects to the large intestine at the ileocecal valve, a spincter. | Ileum |
| What part of small intestine does most of the absorptionof foods take place? | Jejunum |
| What part of the small intestine has ducts from liver, gallbladder & pancreas? | Duodenum |
| Crystallized mineral chunks that develop in the urinary tract are? | Renal Calculi or kidney stones |
| Where are proprioceptors | At musculotendinus junction |
| What senses muscle/tendon force, sends info to the central nervous system, will inhibit contraction of muscle if forces is too high? | Golgi Tendon Apparatus |
| What is located between muscle cells, sense length of muscle or change in length -will stimulate contraction-assist in maintaining muscle tone? | Functionof Muscle Spindles |
| What are the 3 classes of joints? | Synarthroses-immoble, amphiarthroses-slightly mobile (fibrocartilage), diarthroses-freely mobile (synovial) |
| What is order of digestive system? | Mouth,Pharynx,Esophagus,Small Intestine, Large Intestine |
| What does the pyloric spincter do? | Regulates the flow of chyme into the small intestine |
| What does the peritoneal cavity do? | Lubricates and allows the viscera to move |
| What is a fracture at right angles to the long axis of the bone? | A transverse fracture |
| What is a fracture in which the bone is usually twisted apart? | A spiral fracture |
| What is a partial fracture in which one side of the bone is broken and the other side bends;occurs only in children | A greenstick fracture |
| What is a fracture in which the bone is splintered at the site of impact and smaller fragments of bone are found between the two main fragments? | A comminuted fracture |
| What is a fracture in which t he broken ends of the bone protrude through the skin? | Open or compund fracture |
| What is a fractue in which the bone does not break throughthe skin? | Closed or simple fracture |
| What is a fracture in which the break across the bone is in 2 or more pieces | Complete fracture |
| What is the anterior lobe of the pituitary called that releases hormones that regulate a whole range of bodily activity from growth to reproduction | The adenohypophysis |
| Where is the origin of Teres Minor | Inferior lateral border of scapula |
| Where is the insertion of Teres Minor | Greater tubercle of humerus |
| What is the action of Teres Minor? | Rotates arm laterally, extends & ad-ducts arm |
| What are 2 lobes located behind the frontal lobe at the top of the brain at top of cerebral cortex involved in higher level sensory functions? | Parietal Lobe |
| What does the Parietal Lobe do? | Receives & processes sensations of touch, including pain, heat, cold, pressuure, size, shape & texture with a combined analysis of information from various senses. |
| From which glands does secretion enter a duct for delivery to a particular part of the body? | Exocrine Glands |
| What holds products to be secreted such as oil from sebaceous glands? | Golgi Body |
| What is internal network of membranes in Cytoplasm where protein synthesis takes palce? | Endoplastic Reticulum |
| What is a quality of smooth Endoplastic Reticulum (smooth er) | Has few or no ribosomes |
| What maintains & stores digestive enzymes and helps break down organic molecules for protein synthesis & metabolism | Lysosome |
| Fingerlike projections found in cells in digestive tract-aids in absorption into cells? | Microvilli |
| How many body systems are there? | 11 |
| MURDERS LINC stands for? | Muscular,urinary,respiratory,digestive,endocrine,reproductive,skeletal,lymphatic,integumentary,nervous,cardiovascular systems |
| What is the study of External & Internal structures of the body along with the physical relationship between body parts? | Anatomy |
| What is physiology that considers the functioning of structures that serve specific needs? | Systemic |
| What type of anatomy deals with general forms & superficial marking? | Surface |
| What type of anatomy focuses on the superficial & internal features of a specific area? | Regional |
| What type of anatomy is the study of structures that have the same function? | Systemic |
| What type of anatomy cannot be visualized with the naked eye? | Microscopic |
| What type of anatomy can be visualized with the naked eye? | Macroscopic |
| What is a stretch or a tear in a non-contractile tissue? | A sprain |
| A supine client you just finished massaging still has retracted shoulders. What would you suggest stretching? | Rhomboids |
| Which is a eccentric contraction of the rectus femoris? | Deep Knee Bends |
| What muscle is associated with Spasmodic Torticollis? | Sternocleidomastoid |
| For which condition is moist heat contraindicated? | Inflammation |
| What type of movement does the radioulnar joint have? | Totation (pronation & supination) |
| In Western anatomical poisition where is the distal ulna? | Lateral Wrist |
| What are the 3 major parts of the brain? | Cerebellum, Cerebral Hemispheres & brain stem |
| What system responds to stimuli both inside & outside the body, integrates the senses stimuli and produces appropriate responses? | Nervous System |
| What system consists of organs responsible for circulation of blood, helps transport oxygen, nutrients & hormones around the body to various tissues & carries waste products away? | Cardiovascular System |
| Which hormone is likely to produce pleasure during a massage? | Serotonin |
| What is the region of the brain that acts as a relay station between the cerebellum and cerebrum, part of the brainstem and aids the medulla in the control of breathing? | PONS |
| What is the 2nd deep layer of skin? | Dermis |
| What is back of hand? | Dorsum |
| What is front of elbow? | Cubital Fossa |
| Where is origin of Levator Scapulae | C1-C4 transverse processes |
| Where is insertion of Levator Scapulae | Superior angle to root of spine of scapula |
| Wher is action of Levator Scapulae | Elevates, downward rotation |
| Where is insertionof Latissimus Dorsi | Bicipital Groove (medial lip) |
| What is actionof Latissimus Dorsi | Extention, medial rotation, adduction |
| A joint united by dense fibrous tissue that permits a slight degree of movement is a ? | Syndesmosis |
| A joint of the body that contains a broad, flat disc of fibrocartilage would be classified as as? | Symphysis Joint |
| The characteristics-synovial cavity,articular cartilage, articular capsule define what type of joint? | Hinge |
| Connective tissue sacs that act as cushions in places where friction delvelops are referred to as? | Bursae |
| What type of joint affords triaxial movement? | Ball & socket |
| Articulations that are slightly moveable are referred to as? | Amphiarthroses |
| The movement of a bone around itls long axis is an example of? | Rotation |
| Which is not a freely moveable joint? | Syndesmosis |
| A movement in which the distal end of a bone moves in a circle while the proximal end remains relativelystable is called? | Circumduction |
| Is a symphysis joint a synovial joint? | NO |
| Name 3 synovial joints? | Pivot, gliding, ball & socket |
| What joint do these belong to:articular cartilage, synovial membrane, fibrous capsule? | Synovial Joint |
| Is rotation an angular movement? | NO |
| The movement of the sole of the foot laterally is called? | Eversion |
| The ability of muscle tissue to receive and respond to a stimulus is referred to as? | Excitability |
| The layer of fibrous connective tissue that covers the entire muscle is the | Epimysium |
| A muscle in a group that performs the desired action is referred to as the? | Agonist |
| Because the biceps brachii muscle flexes the forearm when it contracts, most of the muscle lies? | Anterior to the humerus |
| The trapeziius muscle is name on the basis of? | Shape |
| The muscle that turns the palm upward or anterior is the? | Supinator |
| The facial muscle that is used to wrinkle the forehead is the? | Frontalis |
| A major muscle used to abduct the arm is the? | Deltoid |
| Is rectus femoris a flexor of the leg? | NO |
| What are flexors of the leg? | Biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus |
| Does Triceps Brachii flex the forearm? | No |
| Name the flexors of the forearm? | Brachialis, brachioradialis, biceps brachii |
| Which movements are possible at both the shoulder and elbow joint? | Extension and flexion |
| A muscle that originates on both the spine of the scapula and the clavicle is the? | Deltoid |
| A joint cavity is present in? | Synovial joints |
| Motion that increases the joint angle anteriorly is? | Extension |
| Structurally diarthroses are? | Synovial joints |
| The circular conelike movement of a body segment is? | Circumduction |
| Which joint can be readily nd comfortably hyperextended? | Atlantooccipital |
| Suture is | Synarthrosis |
| Pivot is | Diarthrosis |
| Symphysis is | Amphiarthrosis |
| What is an agonist along with the supinator of the forearm? | Biceps Brachii |
| The muscle tissue that can be conciously controlled is? | Skeletal |
| The innermost layer of connective tissue in a skeletal muscle is called the? | Endomysium |
| Intercalated discs are found in? | Cardiac Muscle |
| Which connective tissue is in direct contact with individual skeletal muscle fiber? | Endomysium |
| The extensor carpi ulnaris contracts to? | adduct the hand |
| The latissimus dorsi originates primarily on the? | Vertebral Column |
| Paralysis of which muscle would make an individual unable to flex his thigh?? | Iliopsoas |
| Paralysis of which muscle would make an individual unable to flex his leg? | Gastrocnemius |
| Which muscle elevates the ribs? | Scalene |
| Which muscle is a syneregist in adduction of the arm? | Rhomboid |
| The joints between the articular processes of vertebrae and between most carpal and tarsal bones are termed? | Gliding |
| Both the shoulder joint and the hip joint contain? | An articular capsule |
| What is the action of the muscles located in the anterior compartment of the leg? | Dorsiflex the foot and/or extend the toes |
| The elbow is an example of a? | Uniaxial joint |
| What movement is characteristic of the hip and shoulder? | Lateral rotation |
| What joint in the body is : triaxial, ball & socket & synovial? | Shoulder |
| Which joint would not allow circumduction? | Interphalangeal |
| Which muscle could elevate the ribs as well as flex the neck? | Scalene |
| Which muscle is an antagonist to the action provided by the pectoralis major? | Supraspinatus |
| Is supraspinatus a rotator of the arm? | NO |
| Which action does the soleus and gastrocnemius have in common? | Plantar flexion of the foot |
| Which characteristic is true of all cartilaginous joints? | Lack joint cavity. |
| When the movement at a jointis limited to rotation around only one axis, the joint is said to be? | Uniaxial |
| Which muscle is an antagonist to the action rpovided by pectoralis major? | Supraspinatus |
| Which action does the soleus and gastrocnemius have in common? | Plantar flexion of the foot |
| Which muscle is involved in chewing? | Temporalis |
| What characterizes all cartilaginous joints? | They lack joint cavities |
| What tends to form septa within the skeletal muscle to reinforce the muscle? | Epimysium |
| Which action would the brachialis and biceps brachii have in common? | Flexion of the forearm |
| Which action occurs for the rectus femoris but not the vastus muscles? | Flexion |
| If a pin enters a skeletal muscle which layer would be encountered secondly? | Epimysium |
| Which muscle names indicates the relative size of the muscle in its name? | Pectoralis Major |
| Which muscle might act as a synergist in plantar flexion of the foot? | Quadriceps femoris |
| Which muscle name indicates the shape of the muscle? | Rhomboid |
| Do synovial joints possess an articular disc? | NO |
| Flexion and extgension movements at the wrist take place at? | The joint between the radius and ulna and the proximal row of carpals |
| Is the muscular layer of the pharynx under the control of the autonomic nervous system? | NO |
| Which muscle is an agonist for adduction of the arm? | Pectoralis Major |
| Does transversus thoracis form part of the abdominal wall musculature? | NO |
| The agonist for the jaw closure is the ? | Masseter |
| Which muscle moves the ribs? | Serratus Posterior |
| Is Synchondrosis a fibrous joint? | NO |
| Is palmaris longus involved in a medial or lateral rotational movement within the forearm? | NO |
| A synergist in abductionof the arm would be? | Rhomboideus |
| Name a pivot joint in the cervical area? | Atlas/dens of axis |
| A joint united by dense fibrous tissue that permits a slight degree of movement is an? | Syndesmosis/Amphiarthrosis |
| Which type of joint provides triaxial movement? | Ball & Socket |
| Name 4 hinge joints? | Elbow, knee, interphalangeal, tibia/talus |
| Is the knee a diarthrodial joint? | YES |
| Which muscle is an antagonist in flexion of the thigh? | Biceps Femoris |
| Which movements would be permitted in a saddle joint? | Adduction, circumduction |
| Which muscle might act as a synergist during extensionof the arm? | Trapezius |
| Which muscle group has many peripheral nuclei? | Skeletal |
| Which muscle group has intercalated discs? | Cardiac |
| Which muscle group has the greatest blood supply? | Cardiac |
| Which muscle group is unstriated? | Smooth muscle |
| Which muscle group is voluntary? | Skeletal |
| In order to move a bone must a muscle have its origin on that bone? | NO |
| Can the rectus femoris muscle function as a flexor of the thigh, trunk or leg? | NO |
| Is the sartorius one of the hamstrings? | No |
| Do the hamstring muscles as well as gastrocnemius function as leg flexors? | YES |
| Do the muscles of the back (posterior trunk) function as extensors of the trunk? | YES |
| Do extensor muscles play a more important part in the maintenance of upright posture than do flexors? | YES |
| Is gastrocnemius and tibialis anterior antagonists? | YES |
| Do all diarthroses permit free movement, but no necessarily the same kinds of movements between articulating bones? | YES |
| Is synarthroses a synovial joint? | NO |
| Are the knee joint and elbow joint classified as hinge type synovial joints? | YES |
| Are condyloid joints biaxial? | YES |
| Does the rectus abdominus muscle flex the vertebral column? | YES |
| Are all joints in the skull forms of sutures? | NO |
| Are hingle joints uniaxial? | YES |
| Are intercarpal and intertarsal joints gliding type of diarthrosis? | YES |
| Is the radiocarpal joint a condoloyd type of synovial joint? | YES |
| What is the movement that decreases the joint angle on an anteroposterior plane? | Flexion |
| The quadriceps femoris group inserts on what structure? | Tibia |
| The abdominal muscle running lengthwise along the midventral region is the ? | Rectus Abdominus |
| What muscle tissue type is located in the wall of the small intestine? | SMOOTH |
| What muscle dorsiflexes/inverts the foot? | Tibialis Anterior |
| A muscle that performs the opposing action in a body movement is called the? | Antagonist |
| The main posterior muscle in the aram is the? | Triceps Brachii |
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