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AP World History

Valhalla High School Bentley AP World Ch. 17

TermDefinitionSignificanceTime PeriodChapterRegion
Charlemagne Carolingian Emperor who created the missi dominici. He was the son of Charles Martel. Expanded the empire. Temporarily reestablished centralized imperial rule and strengthened the Carolingian empire with an improved administration and tributes which came from the land he conquered. Kept relations with Abbasid empires. 768-814 CE (Post Classical) 17 pgs. 437-440 Western Europe
Clovis Strong political and military Frank leader. Converted to Roman Christianity. Wiped out last vestiges of Roman authority. Transformed Franks into most powerful and dynamic peoples of Western Europe with his conquering of surrounding regions. Made an alliance with the Roman church and peoples through his conversion which strengthened the Franks. 481-511 CE (Post Classical Era) 17 pgs. 436-437 Western Europe
Vikings Norse seafarers who raided and plundered from the British Isles to Mediterranean lands. They sailed shallow draft boats which allowed for heavy seas sailing. Raided London, Constantinople, Hamburg, and Paris. Established independent states in France. They kept fear going which kept the feudal system in place which then kept decentralization in place. They also attacked various areas frequently which kept no one certain power in charge of Western Europe. Medieval Europe (Post classical) 17 pgs. 440-443 British Isles, Western Europe, and Mediterranean lands
Feudalism political and social order system in Medieval Europe that was based on hierarchy of lords and vassals Feudalism made up the majority of social and political systems in Europe and in some cases was used in the absence of central authorities. It supported decentralization. Medieval Europe 17 Europe
Lords Lords were the local nobles that held considerable poer in political and military affairs and they had retainers Granted reatiners with land in order for them to support families and income. Post Classical Era 500-1000 CE 17 Europe
Retainers Retainers were the receivers of land grants from their lords. Because the retainers aquired land grants from the lords, they had to give work to the lords for compensation. They devoted their time and energy to the lords and eventually a major part in the public by organizing public works and solving disputes. Post Classical Era 500-1000 CE 17 Europe
Serfs Serfs were only semifree individuals that owed obligations to their lords. Serfs cultivated fields for individuals and helped the economy in that they aided to the production of crops. Post Classical Era 500-1000 CE 17 Europe
Manors Large estate consisting of fields and agricultural lands and serfs tied to the land. The manors gave serfs a place to be tied to in order for them to do their jobs and contribute to society. It also supported decentralization and received few manufactured goods since there were many manors with small amounts of power in place of an empire Post Classical Era 500-1000 CE 17 Europe
The Heavy Plow Agricultural tool with iron tips that dug into the Earth and turn soil. It increased agricultural production even though it was more expensive Post Classical Era 500-1000 CE 17 Europe
Watermills Power device using the flow of water It di dnot require power from an amimate object in order to be used Post Classical Era 500-1000 CE 17 Europe
Horse Collar Device used on a horse in order for them to pull objects Increased the use of horses rather than oxen, whom were much more slow. Led to an increased production of food. Post Classical Era 500-1000 CE 17 Europe
Crop Rotation The rotating of crops Increased the ability to cultivate land more intensively and led to an increase in food Post Classical Era 500-1000 CE 17 Europe
Charles Martel Founder of the Carolingian dynasty. Turned back Muslims at Battle of Tours in France. Persuaded Muslim rulers of Spain that it was pointless to seek conquest in western Europe and reconnoitered lands at the Battle of Tours. He established and allowed for the Carolingian dynasty to become the dominant power in western Europe. 732-751 CE (Post Classical Era) 17 pg. 437 Western Europe
Germanic States Empires in place of the Roman empire. Included Visigoths in Spain, Ostrogoths in Italy, Bergundians in Gaul, and the Angles, Saxons, and others in Britain. All the German kingdoms kept a competition going for power that deprived Western Europe from a single, dominant power. Although they displaced Roman authority, they took on Roman influence and therefore many Germanic states converted to Christianity. Medieval Europe (Post classical) 17 pgs. 435-436 Western Europe
missi dominci "envoys of the lord ruler" a new group of imperial officials who traveled every year to all local jurisdictions and reviewed the accounts of local authorities Brought counts under tighter control which led to a more stabilized and centralized government 768-840 CE (Post Classical) 17 pgs. 439-440 Western Europe
Abu-al-Abbas An elephant given from the Abbasid caliph Harun al-Rashid to Charlemagne Represented the relations between the Carolingian and Abbasid empires which Charlemagne worked hard to keep up in order to attempt to strengthen his empire. 802-810 CE (Post Classical) 17 pg. 433 & 438 India to Western Europe
Louis the Pious Charlemagne's son who kept the Carolingian empire together but lost control of the counts and local authorities. His three sons bickered over the inheritance of the empire. After his death his sons split the empire into three sections which put an end to the Carolingian empire. Furthermore it meant that there was no longer a single dominant power in western Europe. 814-840 CE (Post Classical Era) 17 pg. 440 Western Europe
Saxons Pagan People in Northern Germany that Charlemagne waged a campaign against Charlemagne's campaign caused them to replace their pagan ideas with Roman Christianity (campaign to Christianity) 772-800 CE 17.3 Northern Germany
Pope Gregory I "Gregory the Great" faced many challenges that resulted in his protecting the city and Church of Rome. He emphasized the confession of sin. Provided Roman Catholic Church with sense of direction, reasserted papal primacy, Expanded Roman Catholic Church and appeal throughout Western Europe. Established a christian foothold in England with campaigns, organized Rome's defense against Lombards 590-604 CE 17.3 Western Europe
Papal Primacy Claim that the Bishop of Rome was the ultimate authority in the Christian church Reestablished with Pope Gregory I in response to the Bishops acting independently of the popes. Stopped Bishops from believing they were "supreme ecclesiastical authorities" and reasserted some of the popes power over them 590-604 CE 17.3 Western Europe
Monasticism a lifestyle of devout Christians that practice asceticism Wide spread from Egypt to the Mediterranean. led to monasteries, and monks with similar lifestyles a rules. became a dominant social and cultural lifestyle in Western Europe. Helped the spread of Christianity 2nd century to 6th century CE 17.3 Egypt to Western Europe
European Monasteries Places of Monastic Roman Catholic teachings and communities containing Monks, rules and establishments (libraries etc.) were the dominant features in the Social and Cultural lives of Western Europe. contained large landholdings, provided labor and service, were centers of learning with libraries and scriptoria. Instrumental in the spread of Christianity through Monks. Medieval Europe 17.3 Western Europe
St. Benedict creator of Benedict's "Rule", made monastic regulations that contained the ideal virtues of a monk which were poverty, Chastity, and obedience Strengthened the early Monastic movement, provided discipline and purpose, His traditions have carried on into recent Roman Catholic Monasteries that observe rules influenced by his "Rule" 480-547 CE 17.3 Nursia and Western Europe
St. Scholastica A nun and St. Benedict's sister created and adaptation to Benedict's "rule" that gave guidance for women in covenants. Also continues to influence the rules of Roman Catholic Monasteries 482-543 CE 17.3 Western Europe
Created by: brownfish
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