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BIOMECHANICS2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| flexion | increase joint movement, bending |
| extension | straightening out |
| abduction | away from midline |
| adduction | towards midline |
| lateral flexion | bend a joint or body part to the side |
| rotation | left or right |
| lateral rotation | away from midline |
| medial rotation | towards midline |
| dorsiflexion | superior surface of foot....lifting foot up |
| plantarflexion | sole of foot.....planting foot on floor |
| inversion | foot inwards |
| eversion | foot outwards |
| supine | belly up |
| prone | face down |
| study of movement | kinesiology |
| compensation | defense mechanism that allows one to avoid the unpleasant or painful stimuli |
| why do patients compensate | to avoid pain |
| balance | ability to control equilibrium |
| equilibrium | at 0 acceleration, state of perfect balance, no wobbling or falling over |
| what structures assist with our sense of equilibrium and balance | eyes and ears joint kinesioreceptors muscles and tendon receptors |
| factor assist in balance | center of gravity falls with the base |
| factor assist in balance | size of the base |
| factor assist in balance | proportion to the weight |
| factor assist in balance | height of the center of gravity |
| factor assist in balance | ears, eyes and kinesthetic sense |
| center of gravity falls out of the base | imbalance |
| a wider stance or base for a heavier person | balance |
| standing on tip toes | imbalance |
| an inner ear infection with fluid accumulation | imbalance |
| being on a rocky boat | imbalance |
| a pregnant woman | balance |
| what are the 2 areas in the body that are center of gravity | c1 and skull sacral lumbar |
| muscle contraction | muscle fibers shorten |
| muscle relaxation | muscle returns to original state |
| isometric muscle contraction | no movement occurs |
| isotonic muscle contraction | movement occurs |
| what are two types of isotonic contraction | walking and exercise |
| concentric contraction | muscle shortens and moves against resistance |
| eccentric contraction | muscle lengthens and works against resistance |
| synergist | muscle that performs, or helps perform |
| the two primary dysfunctions are | neuromuscular and mechanical dysfunctions |
| agonist muscle | muscle contracting |
| antagonist | elongated- opposite of mover |
| H.O.P.S. | history, observation. palpation, special test |
| what are the 3 reasons for taking a history before giving a massage or providing treatment | R/O contraindications choose modalities that are safe provide referral |
| genu varum | bow legs |
| genu valgus | knock knees |
| genu recurvatum | knees in severe extension |
| hallux valgus | great toe is bent or twisted outward |
| hallux varum | bunion |
| three factors that influence a client posture | genetics, disease, life style |
| palpation | means to feel |
| four T's | temp, tone, texture, and tenderness |
| what is manual resistive testing | confirm and elaborate unfindings from the active and passive |
| what tissue doe MR asses | inert tissues |
| what factor may affect the clients ROM test | willingness to move muscle strength coordination range of motion |
| apley scratch test | mobility of the shoulder joint; adhesive capsulitis |
| phalens test | carpal tunnel syndrome |
| cervical distraction | peripheral nerve impingement |
| straight leg test | nerve root impingement of the lumbar region |
| a characteristic of muscle tissue is the ability of the muscle to recover from strenuous exercise and vigorous massage. What time frame is given for a muscle to recover | 5 days |
| MTS should take of note of gait....examples | what moves to much.... whats not moving enough |
| the stance phase of gait consists of the | foot patterns |
| a stance phase begins with a | heal strike |
| the swing phase of gait consist of the | arm movement |
| when a client describes an inability to perform normal activities of daily living, inability to function at home or work you are now assessing their | functional assessment |
| normal adult walking consists of | head leads, arms move, flexion & extension of hip joints, etc |
| the postural muscles are primarily | flexors & extensors |
| three factors that influence a clients posture are | lifestyle, disease, genetics |
| what tissue does AROM assess | contractile tissue and muscle tendon unit |
| what tissue does PROM assess | inert tissue (joint, cartilage, soft tissue) |
| what function of muscle does MR test | strength |
| what factors may affect the client ROM test | willingness to move / muscle strength / cordination / ROM |
| ROM is measured in | degress |
| the degree chart is a full circle | 360 |
| half of a degree circle is | 180 |
| one quarter of a degree circle is | 90 |
| a manual resistive test will produce findings of | discomfort and lack of strength |
Created by:
marlenasokana
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