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Immune System
A&P Ch: 31
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| main purpose of the immune system is to defend the body against | antigens |
| substances that the body recognizes as foreign | antigens |
| examples of antigens | bacteria,viruses,fungi,parasites |
| when the body begins to attack itself and destroy healthy cells is it called | autoimmne response |
| an example of an autoimmune disorder | rheumatoid arthritis |
| undesirable response to pollen,animals or food is an | allergy |
| the body's first line of defense when facing antigens | barriers |
| three types of barriers | anatomic;biochemical;mechanical |
| example of anatomic barrier | skin;mucous membranes;intestinal tract |
| examples of biochemical barriers | tears;sweat;sebacious glands |
| examples of mechanical barriers | coughing;urination;dead cells slough off |
| 2nd line of defense against infection | inflammation process |
| inflammation process results in | skin that is red, swollen and warm to touch |
| 3rd line of deense against infection | antibody defense |
| all blood cells originate in the | bone marrow |
| organs of the immune system | bone marrow;thymus;lymph nodes;spleen;tonsils;adnoids;appendix;peyer patches |
| intercept antigens from invading the upper respiratory tract | tonsils and adnoids |
| fight antigens that reach the blood stream | bone marrow and spleen |
| WBC's with immunity functions | lymphocytes |
| B lymphocytes produce | antibodies |
| B lymphocytes make up abou _____ of the total lymphocytes | 20% |
| Act directly on target cells and provide cell mediated immunity | T cells |
| T cells make up _____ of the total lymphocytes | 80% |
| 4 types of T cells | helper;suppressor;memory;killer |
| produce protein called lymphokines that help othr lymphocytes and phagocytes perform their functions | T helper cels |
| can directly kill infected or malignant cells | killer T cells |
| antibodies from the B cells are known as | immunoglobulins |
| the 5 classes of immunoglobulins are | IgA;IgD;IgM;IgG;IgE |
| the body hs the most of what immunoglobulin | IgG |
| A virus tht invades the T cells of the immune system | AIDS |
| way to aquire AIDS that is now a very low risk due to the intense screening that is now done | blood transfusion |
| headache,fever,fatigue,enlarged lymph nodes are early S+S of | AIDS |
| the three most common opportunistic diseases associated with HIV | pneumocystis carni pneumonia;kaposi's sarcoma;candidiasis |
| blood tests that detect HIV antibodies | ELISA and Western Blot |
| blood test that detects HIV antigen | Coulter HIV p24 antigen assay |
| a group of diseases characterized by the growth of abnormal cells | cancer |
| the spread of a tumor to a new site is called | metastasis |
| cancer arising from the epithelial tissue | carcinomas |
| cancer arising from connective tissue | sarcoma |
| cancer of the blood and blood forming organs | leukemias |
| cancer of the lymph tissue | lymphomas |
| cancer of the cartilage | chondrosarcoma |
| new frowth eithr benign or malignant | neoplasm |
| tumors that are slow growing,do not invade other tissue, do not spread are referred to as | benign |
| identifies the extent of the spread of cancer | staging |
| 4 types of carcinogens | chemical;viral;physical;familial |
| an example of a viral carcinogen and found in 70% of cases of cervical cancer | HPV |
| release of histimine into the blood stream results in | warmth,redness and swelling |
| medication used to treat cancer that alters cell growth and division | chemotherapy |
| most common treatment for cancer | surgery |
| 1st approved vaccine was for which type of cancer | prostate |
| muscle weakness,pain,low grade fever,fergetfullness,irritability and confusion are syptoms of | chronic fatigue syndrome |
| when WBC's are removed from the blood it is called | leukapheresis |
| a test that allows for visualization of hollow organs | endoscopy |
| images of metabolic activity of body tissues by measuring glucose uptake | PET scan |
| disease process where protective antibodies react against the normal tissue | lupus |
| type of drug given to decrease inflammation | steroids |
| autoantibody that locks on to the bodys own IgG molecule | rheumatoid factor |
Created by:
clarevoyant1019
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