A&P Ch: 31
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| main purpose of the immune system is to defend the body against | antigens
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| substances that the body recognizes as foreign | antigens
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| examples of antigens | bacteria,viruses,fungi,parasites
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| when the body begins to attack itself and destroy healthy cells is it called | autoimmne response
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| an example of an autoimmune disorder | rheumatoid arthritis
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| undesirable response to pollen,animals or food is an | allergy
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| the body's first line of defense when facing antigens | barriers
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| three types of barriers | anatomic;biochemical;mechanical
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| example of anatomic barrier | skin;mucous membranes;intestinal tract
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| examples of biochemical barriers | tears;sweat;sebacious glands
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| examples of mechanical barriers | coughing;urination;dead cells slough off
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| 2nd line of defense against infection | inflammation process
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| inflammation process results in | skin that is red, swollen and warm to touch
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| 3rd line of deense against infection | antibody defense
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| all blood cells originate in the | bone marrow
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| organs of the immune system | bone marrow;thymus;lymph nodes;spleen;tonsils;adnoids;appendix;peyer patches
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| intercept antigens from invading the upper respiratory tract | tonsils and adnoids
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| fight antigens that reach the blood stream | bone marrow and spleen
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| WBC's with immunity functions | lymphocytes
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| B lymphocytes produce | antibodies
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| B lymphocytes make up abou _____ of the total lymphocytes | 20%
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| Act directly on target cells and provide cell mediated immunity | T cells
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| T cells make up _____ of the total lymphocytes | 80%
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| 4 types of T cells | helper;suppressor;memory;killer
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| produce protein called lymphokines that help othr lymphocytes and phagocytes perform their functions | T helper cels
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| can directly kill infected or malignant cells | killer T cells
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| antibodies from the B cells are known as | immunoglobulins
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| the 5 classes of immunoglobulins are | IgA;IgD;IgM;IgG;IgE
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| the body hs the most of what immunoglobulin | IgG
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| A virus tht invades the T cells of the immune system | AIDS
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| way to aquire AIDS that is now a very low risk due to the intense screening that is now done | blood transfusion
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| headache,fever,fatigue,enlarged lymph nodes are early S+S of | AIDS
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| the three most common opportunistic diseases associated with HIV | pneumocystis carni pneumonia;kaposi's sarcoma;candidiasis
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| blood tests that detect HIV antibodies | ELISA and Western Blot
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| blood test that detects HIV antigen | Coulter HIV p24 antigen assay
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| a group of diseases characterized by the growth of abnormal cells | cancer
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| the spread of a tumor to a new site is called | metastasis
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| cancer arising from the epithelial tissue | carcinomas
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| cancer arising from connective tissue | sarcoma
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| cancer of the blood and blood forming organs | leukemias
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| cancer of the lymph tissue | lymphomas
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| cancer of the cartilage | chondrosarcoma
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| new frowth eithr benign or malignant | neoplasm
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| tumors that are slow growing,do not invade other tissue, do not spread are referred to as | benign
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| identifies the extent of the spread of cancer | staging
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| 4 types of carcinogens | chemical;viral;physical;familial
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| an example of a viral carcinogen and found in 70% of cases of cervical cancer | HPV
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| release of histimine into the blood stream results in | warmth,redness and swelling
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| medication used to treat cancer that alters cell growth and division | chemotherapy
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| most common treatment for cancer | surgery
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| 1st approved vaccine was for which type of cancer | prostate
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| muscle weakness,pain,low grade fever,fergetfullness,irritability and confusion are syptoms of | chronic fatigue syndrome
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| when WBC's are removed from the blood it is called | leukapheresis
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| a test that allows for visualization of hollow organs | endoscopy
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| images of metabolic activity of body tissues by measuring glucose uptake | PET scan
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| disease process where protective antibodies react against the normal tissue | lupus
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| type of drug given to decrease inflammation | steroids
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| autoantibody that locks on to the bodys own IgG molecule | rheumatoid factor
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