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Sams HISTORY EXAM

QuestionAnswer
1. What caused the Opium Wars? It was caused by the British disregarding China's demand for stopping the sale of Opium.
2. What effect did losing the Opium War have on China? Devastating. The British upheld a trade monopoly even when they signed the unequal Treaty of Nanjing.
3.Which empires allowed religious freedoms at some time in their history? The Ottoman; Sativid Muahal.
4. The Monogl leader Timur stopped the expansion of what empire? Europe, Russia
5. Describe how the Ottoman and Mughal empires were similar. They took the area by force.
6. What architectural wonder symbolized the greatness of the Mughak Empire? The Taj Mahal.
7. What was Henry the VIII's response when the pope refused to grant him a divorce He created the Anglican church.
8. Why was Mary, Queen of Scots, beheaded? She planned to kill Elizabeth and steal the throne.
9. What were Elizabeth I's feelings toward the arts and culture of England? She liked both a lot and was very involved with them.
10. What were some of Elizabeth's most significant triumphs during her rein? She created a monarchy, sought to destroy the Anglican church, and defeated the Spanish Armada.
11. What form of government existed in Louis XVI's France? An absolute monarchy.
12. Define the "divine rights of kings". God had chosen the king to rule and if anyone were to question his decision, they were questioning God--which could lead to charges for questioning the church as well as the king.
13. How did the construction of Louis XVI's palace at Versailles affect France? It was extremely expensive and strained France's economy.
14. How did the size of Louis XIV's empire earn him his nickname? "The Sun King" was earned because the British empire owned a part of each continent, so the sun literally never set on the empire.
15. How did Cardinal Richelieu plan to strengthen France? He wanted the king's power to be supreme.
16. What was John Locke's philosophy about the rights of human beings? Life, liberty, and freedom.
17. Who did Oliver Cromwell defeat in the English civil war? He defeated Charles with his "new model army".
18. How did William III and Mary II come to posses the crown of England. Glorious Revolution.
19. During what social movement did people begin to believe that reason and science could explain nature? The period of Enlightenment.
20. What was another name for the great thinkers of the enlightenment period? Philosophers.
21. Why did the french people storm the Bastille? They believed it carried weapons and gunpowder, and it was also symbolic destruction.
22.List the guarantees provided by the Rights of Man and Citizen. All people are born equal, they have the freedom of speech, press, religion, and the right to take part in public office.
23. What type of government did the Constitution of 1791 establish? The three branch government.
24. What role did Maximilien Robespierre play in reforming France's government? He protested with radicals and spoke for the people.
25. Describe the Reign of Terror in France. Bloody, brutal, many executions.
26. Why was Napoleon accepted as dictator of France? He was a great general and the people thought that if they tried out another dictator then they might get different results. They chose it for stability and familiarity.
27. What role did Russia's climate and size play in defending it against Napoleon's army? Napoleon's army was soon freezing from the cold and starving/exhausted from the distance they had to march.
28. Where was Napoleon finally defeated? Russia.
29. After Napoleon's defeat, what was the form of government taken on by Europe? Constitutional.
30. What are the three factors of production? Land, capital, labor.
31. The business can best be defined as: Beginning, prosperity, downfall, slump, repeat.
32. Who owns the means of production in a capitalist system? The individual.
33. Define collective bargaining. Contracts for a fixed period of time.
34. During the industrial age, what are two reasons factory owners hired women and children? They were inexperienced so they worked for less, and they were smaller to get into tighter spaces.
35. In what type of economic system would the government allow the economy to operate freely? Free inter price--Laissez-faire.
36. What caused the migration of people from rural areas to urban areas in the 19th century? Industrialization.
37. How did Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels feel about capitalism? They wanted to replace it with a communist system. They wrote about the urgency of the replacement in their Communist Manifesto.
38. Who led revolts in Venezuela, Bolivia, Ecuador, Peru, and Columbia? (What was his nickname?) Simon Bolivar, "the Liberator".
41. One of the goals of nationalism is to unite people of the same: Ethnicity.
42. What inspired the unification of Italy? The Zollverein.
44. How did the Zollverein help to make industrialization possible in Germany? They unified all currency and lowered the prices.
43. What was Otto Van Bismarck's role in unifying the nation-states of Germany? He was the general of the Prussian army.
45. Why was Berlin significant to Germany? It was the capital of Prussia.
46. How did Russia's geography, demographics, and various languages become an obstacle for the unification of Russia? There was a very big lack of communication and differences in currency. What's more, no one wanted to give up their language to learn another.
47. What was the result of nationalism in Russia? Terrorism by the People's Will.
48. How would you describe the methods used by the People's Will to obtain what they wanted in Russia? They used terrorist tactics.
49. The "Scramble for Africa" can also be described as: French in North Africa.
50. The dispute between Britain and France over the French Congo in Africa was known as: The Fashoda Crisis.
51. List possible reasons for Imperialism in the 19th century as described in your text. New technology and industrialization.
52. How would you describe the meaning of the phrase "The White Man's Burden"? It shows that white men owned most wealth.
53. Were there any positive contributions that came from the British rule in India? Yes. Their rule helped keep order and ended local wars.
54. Why did Europeans set their sights on Southeast Asia? They wanted spices and tea.
55. What was unique about Japan's foreign policies compared to all other Asian countries? They attempted to be isolationists even though they are an island.
58. Because Vladimir Lenin did not believe in the social reforms of Russia would move as fast as Marx had predicted, he did what? He demanded power to soviets.
59. Who promised the Russian peasants "peace, bread, and land"? Vladimir Lenin.
60. Who renamed themselves the "Balkan Leagues" in 1917? Bulgaria, Serbia, Greece.
61. What was the goal of the first "Five-Year Plan"? Economic growth and general restoration.
62. What country massacred many of the Hindu people convincing Gandhi that India must strive for independence? British empire.
63. What methods did Mohandas Gandhi use to strive for the independence of India? Nonviolent refusal to work.
64. The dominant religion in India was: Hinduism.
65. What did the Open Door Policy grant to ALL nations? Equal rights for all countries to trade with China.
66. During the Boxer Rebellion, who did the Tz'u-shi loyalists attack? They attacked anyone associated with outsiders.
67. What two problems did Chiang Kai-shek fail to address in the 1920s? He did nothing for the starving peasants and had zero land reform.
69. During what major event did Mao Zedong choose to establish himself leader of China? During the Long March.
70. What was the first Asian country to become the first imperial power in Asia? Japan.
72. What did destroying the Russians' Baltic Fleet in the victory of the Russo-Japanese War do for the reputation of Japan's army? It made them seem a lot stronger and more intimidating since Russia was not all they made it out to be.
Created by: jiffypb
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