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Essentialss
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Socialism | a system in which the people as a whole rather than individuals own and control buisiness and wealth. Focused on distribution of wealth amongst the workers. Proposed by Karl Marx in the 1850's due to poor working conditions. |
| Dictator | ruler with complete control over government and society. Example:Joesph Stalin |
| Democracy | Government in which people hold ruling powe. Power is usually exhibited by voting. |
| Inflation | an increase in the price of goods. A normal process as long as wages increase also. Too high of an increase can cripple the economy. |
| Capitalism | system which allows individuals to own business and keep profit. This is the system we use. |
| Communism | form of socialism where all wealth would be shared by a classless society. Used by Soviet union, but Marx's ideas where changed and the government controlled all buisiness and wealth. |
| Fascism | authoritarian government which glorified nationalism, military power and the state rights over the individuals. Germany during Adolf Hitler's rule was this. |
| Industrialism | use of machines and technology to replace manual hand labor. Started in Great Britian in the 1700's |
| Urban | people living and working in cities. |
| Imperialism | control of a nation culturally, economically, or politically by other countries. A practice used by powerful countries after industrialism began. |
| Cultural Diffusion | the exchange of goods and ideas amongst people. Examples: mexican food in america, the beatles, the internet. |
| Nationalism | pride in a nation or ethnic group. May be taken to extremes. |
| Alliances | A group that is unified towards a common goal. "i got your back" |
| Arms race | buildup of weapons. Nations try to have the most military power. The U.S. and Soviet Union built thousands of nuclear weapons to keep up with each other. |
| Stock Market | place where portions of a company(stock) are sold. NYSE. |
| Great Depression | worst economic collapse in World History. the stock marker collapse of 1929 is credited with starting it and WWII is credited with ending it. |
| Recession | small scale economic collapse. Usually lasts months ot for a couple of years and then recovers. The longest recession occured just recently. |
| conservative | political term created during the French Revolution. Also, referred to as the "right" because of where they sat in their meetings. |
| Radical/Liberal | another political term from the French Revolution. Tended to be straying away from tradition and wanted dramatic change. Also, called "left" because of where they sat at their meetings. |
| Moderate | someone or something that tends to be in the middle or not to dramatic. politically doesn't fit with conservatives or liberals. out climate is often reffered to this. |
| Red Scare | fear of communism. became a part of American culture during the cold war. |
| Prohibition | a constitutional amendment that made it illegal to make or use alcohol in america. |
| Ideology | a system of thought or belief. Example: if you think democracy is the best it is your ideology. an ideology is usually reflected in actions. |
| Marxism | term given to ideas proposed by Karl marx. |
| Genocide | deliberate attempt to destroy a particular religious or ethnic group. Example: attack of jews during the Holocaust. |
| Holocaust | term given to the attempt to exterminate all jews and other "undesireables" during WWII. |
| Domestic Issues | issues within a country. Examples: immigration or education. |
| Foreign Issues | issues dealing with foreign countries. Examples: trade, war, internationall terrorism. |
| Bubonic Plague | bacteria transmitted by fleas wich caused the death of about a third of Europe's population in the 1300's. Also called the "black death". |
| Renissance | rebirth of european culture and learning prior to the Renaissance. |
| Job Specialization | people began to focus on and train for a certain type of work. This is an advantage of living in civilization. Example: being a medical specialist means you're trained in a certain area of medicine. |
| Propoganda | spreading of ideas to promotea belief in something. Example: countries use this in wartime to make the enemy look bad. Nazi's wrote books about how bad jews were to get people to believe that. |
| Crusades | Holy Wars in the Middle East betweenj European Christians and Muslims. Fought in the 1100's. Helped bring knowledge and ideas to Europe during the dark ages. |
| Cold War | a cooling of relations between the U.S. and Soviet Union after WWII. Not actualyl fighting each other, but fighting wars such as koreawhere we opposed war. |
| Empire | when a country gains territory outside its geographic area. For example: the roman enpire or british empire. Britian controlled Australia, India, parts of Africa and other areas. |
| Censorship | to restrict freedom of speech or press. To put restrictions on information. |
| Peasant | term for low class of people in most societies. |
| Free Market | economic theory that involves little or no intervention by government. |
| Capital | money or wealth |
| Pandemic | a worldwide spread of a disease. An epidemic that has no boundries. |
| United Nations | international organization created after WWII to deal with and prevent international crisis and conflict. Often times will send peacekeepers into a country to prevent war or genocide. |
| Iron Curtain | term used for countries that fell under the control of the Soviet Union. |
| Globalization | integration of connection of national economies, politics and societiesaround the world. Example: if one countries economy collapses others may follow because they trade with each other. |
| SuperPower | term used during cold war to describe the most powerful countries. At the time the U.S. and U.S.S.R. were the superpowers because of their military might. |
| Terrorism | use of violence, especially against the civillians, to achieve political goals. |
| Monarchy | government run bt a royal family. Headed by a Kiing or a Queen. |
| Social Classes | location of people in society based on their standing or wealth. Example: slaves were considered in a low ____. |
| U.S.S.R. | another name for the soviet union. |
| Dependency | when someone or a nation relies on others for their survival. Example: you are all this with your parents for many things. |
| 3rd world/undeveloped countries | nations that lack industry, technology and wealth. othen rely on other countries to help with them with basic needs for survival. Examples: somalia, honduras, haiti |
| Underlying causes | things that may not be visible that lead to a visible event. |
Created by:
lauren_r_thomas
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