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Chapter 9: Section 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Anabaptists | -reject infant baptisms and public property - violently take over Munster (HRE) - uprising put down violently - social upheaval denounced by Luther and Calvin |
| Calvin's Geneva and Beyond | - Calvinists stress hardwork, morality, thrift, discipline, honesty - outlaws taverns, theaters, dancing - all must attend mass (punished if not there) - ethic= good work is Godly - John Knox overthrows Scottish queen |
| John Calvin | - takes Luther's ideas and makes them more radical - published Institutes of the Christian Religion (advice on how to run Protestant churches) - preaches predestination (God already chose who is damned and saved) |
| Lutheran Ideas Spread | - followers= Protestants (protest) break off from the church - Ulrich Zwingli spreads Protestant ideas to Switzerland (does not believe the blood and wine are Jesus' body and blood) - 155 Muslims Turks invade from the east (Charles V needs all nobles |
| Teachings of Luther | 1. Salvation is attained only through faith 2. Scripture is the source of religious truth 3. Reject Pope and Curia 4. All believers= priests 5. Rejects 4 sacraments 6. mass= simple/vernacular (sermons) bans indulgences, pilgrimages, prayers to sa |
| Luther VS the Church | -Pope Leo X-> Luther recant (refuses) - Luther is excommunicated - Charles V orders Luther to Diet at Worms to defend views (setup) - declared an outlaw--> followers grow |
| Luther Rebels | - 1517 Johann Tetzel (selling indulgences) Whittenberg - Luther had already written to local bishop condemning practice - writes 95 Theses - salvation= gift from God not for sale - no evidence in the Bible - Theses sent to Rome, copied-->spreads |
| Martin Luther | -bachelor degree and law - conversion in storm - drops out of law--> Augustinian monk - deprived/spiritual life (not consoled) - sent to Whittenberg to earn doctorate (theo/teach) lashes out at Church corruption |
| Indulgences | -Papal decree which lessens time in purgatory - where a soul goes to get rid of sin before heaven - not sold until Julius II - Pope Leo X sells for St. Peter Basillica |
| Church Abuses | -Popes tries to dominate kings/princes - Pope Julius II led battles against political enemies - Pope Alexander IV murder - great patron of the arts - neglect vows of chastity, poverty and obedience - increase Church fees for sacraments - indulgences |
| The Renaissance Church | Popes focus on worldly issues and their lavish lifestyles rather than common parishioners (still demanded 1/10 of incomes) |
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