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Enlightenment
Vocabulary GCA WHII
| Term | Definition | Time Period |
|---|---|---|
| Enlightenment | the time period of new thinking | Enlightenment |
| scientific knowledge | knowlage applied through science | Enlightenment |
| reason | the human thought process | Enlightenment |
| social contract | the consent of the people to be governed | Enlightenment |
| natural rights | the basic rights of all humans to life, liberty, and property | Enlightenment |
| right to overthrow | the right for citizens to overthrow the government if they fail at fulfilling their duties | Enlightenment |
| Separation of powers | the division of power between different branches of government | Enlightenment |
| checks and balances | the process in which the government is checked by other areas of government in order to prevent one person from gaining too much control | Enlightenment |
| Separation of church and state | the philosophy that the Church should deal only with religious affairs, and the State should deal only with political affairs; not the church having complete control | Enlightenment |
| common good | the community as a whole should be placed above individual interests | Enlightenment |
| Consent of the Governed | a contract representing the relationship between the government and the governed | Enlightenment |
| novel | a literary genre that developed in the 18th century | Enlightenment |
| all-weather roads | stronger roads that can sustain more people than previous dirt roads, thus increasing trade | Enlightenment |
| Baroque era | an early 18th century era of music | Enlightenment |
| Classical era | a late 18th century era of music | Enlightenment |
| Father of the Symphony | Joseph Haydn | Enlightenment |
| novelist | a novel writer | Enlightenment |
| Don Quixote | considered the first novel written; written by Miguel de Cervantes in 1605 | Enlightenment |
| Liberty Leading the People | a painting representing the revolutions that started because of the Enlightenment; painted by Eugene Delacroix in 1830 | Enlightenment |
| Hobbes | wrote Leviathan; believed people were naturally cruel, greedy, and selfish; thought the government should have all authority; believed in social contacts; thought the best form of government was an absolute monarchy | Enlightenment |
| Locke | wrote Two Treatsies on Government; believed people are resonable, moral, and deserve natural rights; thought the best form of government was a democracy; believed in the people's right to overthrow | Enlightenment |
| Montesquieu | wrote The Spirit of Laws; believe in the separation of powers and checks and balances | Enlightenment |
| Voltaire | wrote Candide; used wit to expose corruption of government leaders; advocated religious tolerance; believed in separation of church and state; | Enlightenment |
| Rousseau | wrote The Social Contract; believed that people are naturally good, but society corrupts them; thought individuals should get more freedom; believed in ideas such as common good and consent of the governed | Enlightenment |
| Bach | German style composer of the Baroque era who pushed the boundaries of music higher | Enlightenment |
| Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart | brilliant and mature styled composer of the Classical era | Enlightenment |
| Haydn | prominent composer of the Classical era who was also known as the Father of Symphony | Enlightenment |
| Cervantes | Spanish novelist who wrote Don Quixote | Enlightenment |
| Delacroix | artist who painted Liberty Leading the People and also the leader of the French Romantic School | Enlightenment |
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WorldStudiesII
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