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skeletalsystemA&P
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| how many bones are in the body | 206 |
| bone is comprised of | osseous tissue |
| osseous tissue is specialized _____ | connective tissue |
| the skeletal system of a fetus is composed of | cartilage |
| cancellous (spongy bone) | lots of open spaces |
| compact bone | no spaces |
| what are the functions of the skeletal system | protects, produces blood and movement |
| what is piezoelectric quality | minute electrical responses |
| what component gives this quality to bone tissue | collagen |
| the entire ossification process takes | 20- 25 years |
| what is remodeling? | the continual changing of bone in response to functional demands |
| what is osteocytes | mature bone cells |
| what are osteoblasts | build up bone |
| what are osteoclasts | break down bone |
| what factors affect bone growth | minerals, vitamins, hormones |
| what 2 hormones are responsible for bone growth and development | estrogen and testosterone |
| long | longer than they are wide |
| flat | thin and flattened |
| short | cube shaped |
| irregular | does not fit other categories |
| sesamoid | small and round |
| when a bone has a depression it is usually called a | fossa |
| a small bony projection is called | process |
| a rough area on a bone that has a visual line is called | ridge, grove |
| haversian canals | carries blood to heart |
| medullary cavity | center of bone - red bone marrow |
| trabeculae | projections of spongy bone |
| what does yellow marrow primarly do? | stores fat |
| what is red marrow | hematopoietic tissue |
| where is red marrow found in adults | femur, humerus, sternum, ilium and vertebrae |
| what is the endosteum | lines the meddularie cavity |
| where is the periosteum | covers all bones |
| what does CT do for bone health | bone growth |
| where is the epiphysis | spongy bone covered by thin layer compact bone |
| where is the diaphysis | shaft of long bone |
| appositional growth | bone growth occure in diameter |
| what is an articulation | joints |
| what is the articular cartilage | CT that is largely avascular |
| how can a MT impact tissue | ROM, joint mobile |
| articulating cartilage is located at the ends of | bones |
| what is the primary ingredient in articulating cartilage | collagen |
| ligaments attach ____ to bone | bone |
| tendons attach ____ to bone | mucle |
| which ligament attaches to the external occipital protuberance of the skull | nuchal ligament |
| where is the anterior and posterior longitudinal ligament | both on spine attach to vertebrae |
| what are tendons | dense fibrous connective tissue, attach to bones |
| where is bursa generally located | around joints |
| what purpose does bursa serve | reduce friction |
| what is bursa | connective tissue sack with synovial fluid |
| what is the name of fibrocartilaginous pad in the knee joint | meniscus |
| articular discs assist bones that do not quite fit together, creat a better fitting joint, such as the | temperal mendipular joint |
| tendon sheaths | CT over tendon |
| what is tendon sheath filled with | synovial fluid |
| what purpose does tendon sheaths serve | reduce friction, protects tendon over movable parts |
| synarthrosis | little to none |
| amphiartrosis | modiate but limited |
| diarthroisis | freely moveable |
| what is a typical synarthroisis joint | sutres of craninam |
| what is a typical amphiarthroisis joint | vertebral disk |
| what is a typical diarthrosis joint | shoulder hip |
| what tupe of joint has a joint capsule | diarthiosis |
| what is the outer layer of the joint capsule called | joint capusal |
| what is the primary ingredient | collegen |
| what is the inner layer of joint capsule called | inner synovial membrane |
| what is the fluid inside this joint called | synovial fluid |
| what is the purpose of the the fluid | protect and cushion |
| what impact can a MT have on joint capsules | increase circulation |
| what is thixotropic | liquid when aggitated |
| flexion | movement of joint |
| extension | increase angle |
| hyperextension | beyond normal movement |
| abduction | away from midine |
| adduction | towards midline |
| rotation | right to left |
| elevation | brings up |
| depression | brings down |
| protaction | brings body part anterior |
| retraction | brings body part posterior |
| pronation | palm down |
| supination | palm up |
| eversion | tarsal bone away from midline |
| inversion | tarsal bone inward |
| dorsiflexion | movement of ankle joint |
| plantar flexion | ankle joint moves inferior |
| hinge joint | elbow and ankle joint |
| pivot joint | radio ulnar joint c1/c2 skull |
| condyloid joint | phalanges c1/skull |
| gliding joint | spine ribs/sternum |
| ball and socket joint | hip joint - femur |
| the stability of a joint depends on | muscles, joint capsules and shape of the bones |
Created by:
marlenasokana
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