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Bentley unit 6
unit 6 1914-1990
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Motives of imperialism | Domination of industrialized countries over subject lands |
| The Berlin Conference, 1884-1885 | European powers set rules for carving Africa into colonies |
| Colonial rule | Granted considerable authority to private companies empowered to build plantations, mines, railroads, made use of forced labor and taxation, as in Belgian Congo, unprofitable, often replaced by more direct rule |
| Limited reform, 1909 | Wealthy Indians could elect representatives to local councils; Indian nationalism a powerful movement, achieved independence in 1947 |
| Father of modern India | Ram Mohan Roy |
| Nationalist aspirations | Self-determination suggested that each ethnic group had a right to a sovereign state |
| The Central Powers | Germany and Austria-Hungary formed a Dual Alliance 1879 In fear of France, Italy joined the Dual Alliance in 1882, thus, the Triple Alliance |
| The Allies | Britain, France, and Russia formed the Triple Entente |
| June 1914 | Austrian Archduke assassinated by Serbian nationalist |
| Woodrow Wilson | Chief proponent of national self-determinism |
| Albert Einstein's theory of relativity, 1906 | Space and time relative to the person measuring them Implication: reality or truth merely a set of mental constructions |
| The Great Depression | Germany and Austria borrowed money from United States, used it to pay reparations to Allies, who used the money to pay war debt to United States |
| The crash of 1929 | stock prices dropped, investors lost life savings, Lenders called in loans, forcing investors to keep selling |
| Economic contraction in U.S. economy and the world | Overproduction and reduced consumer demand Widespread business failure and unemployment |
| Adolf Hitler | dictator of the Nazi Party |
| Mohandas K. Gandhi | (1869-1948), leader of Indian nationalism |
| 1919 British massacre | at Amritsar, killed 379 demonstrators, aroused public |
| Africa and the Great War | German colonial administration faced combined colonial forces of Great Britain, France, Belgium, Italy, and Portugal |
| 1920s and 1930s | U.S. reassessed foreign policy in Latin America |
| "dollars for bullets" | promoting peaceful commerce over expensive military intervention. |
| The Munich Conference | In 1938, Germany "appeased" by taking Sudetenland, promised to stop, Britain and France desperate to avoid war |
| Nazi invasion of Poland | September 1939, Poland defeated in one month Divided between Germany and Soviet Union |
| The battle of Britain | Aerial bombing killed forty thousand British civilians; Royal Air Force prevented defeat |
| 7 December 1941 | U.S. naval base at Pearl Harbor attacked by Japanese pilots |
| The result of Pearl Harbor | United States declared war on Japan; Germany and Italy declared war on United States |
| Independent India, 1947 | divided into Muslim Pakistan and Hindu India. Ten million refugees moved either to India or Pakistan; one million died in migration |
| 30 January 1948 | Gandhi assassinated by a Hindu extremist |
| Geneva Conference and partial independence, 1954 | Vietnam temporarily divided, north and south, at 17th parallel South Vietnam's leaders delayed elections, feared communist victory |
| Creation of Israel | Britain turned Palestine over to UN, 1947 UN proposed dividing into two states, Palestine and Israel; Arabs opposed 1947, British withdrew, civil war broke out, Jews proclaimed the state of Israel Egypt, Jordan, Syria, and Iraq declared war on Israel |
| Deng Xiaoping | Approved a bloody crackdown on a pro-democracy student demonstration in Tiananmen Square in 1989 |
| Global culture of consumption | Satisfies wants and desires rather than needs or necessities |
| Climate Change | Urbanization and agricultural expansion threaten biodiversity Gas emissions, coal burning contribute to global warming |
| Population control | China's one-child policy has significantly reduced growth rate |
| Causes of poverty | Inequities in resources and income separate rich and poor societies Attendant problems: malnutrition, environmental degradation, economic dependence |
| 11 September 2001 | Coordinated attack on World Trade Tower and Pentagon Source identified as Islamic militant Osama bin Laden and al-Qaeda network Angered by U.S. presence in Saudi Arabia; proclaimed jihad, holy war |
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Tong-unit6
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