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AP World Unit 4ania
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What happened with the world civilizations in this time? | Worlds civilizations became truly connected for the first time in history. |
| Types of world interactions | interactions consisted of warfare, exploitation, and slavery |
| What was sought after in world exploration? | sought out oceanic trade routes between 1400-1500 to get a direct link with Asian Countries |
| What was discovered in this era | The New World (Americas) |
| Pre-1400’s Europe was? | weak compared to China and Ottoman |
| 1500-1600 Europe stands equal with which nations? | China and the Gunpowder empires of the Islamic |
| When did Europe become a dominating force? | 1700 Europe overtakes these cultures and in 1800 Europe was well situated to dominate the vast majority of the globe |
| What is the colombian exchange? | The transmission of foodstuffs, animal species, and disease pathogens, among other things, between both geographical areas |
| What was the result of the increase in peasant labor? | agricultural production increased, leading to a huge rise in population worldwide—from 350 million in 1400 to 610 million in 1700, the fastest rate of growth seen to that date. |
| What drastically changed the african and european diets? | The importation of corn and potatoes from the Americas dramatically altered the diets and agricultural practices of Europe and Africa. |
| What did the Europeans bring to America? | To the Americas, the Europeans brought the horse, domesticated pigs and cattle, okra, and rice. |
| What radically changed the environment of the Americas | The introduction of European modes of economic production into the Americas, especially plantation agriculture and the cultivation of cash crops like sugar and tobacco, radically altered the environment of the Americas. |
| What is the "Little Ice Age" | After a gradual cooling trend during the 1300s and 1400s, the Little Ice Age began in the early 1500s and persisted until the early- to mid-1800s. |
| What was ONE thing most societies have in regards to culture? | Most major societies had well-defined artistic and literary traditions. Increased technological aptitude enabled the production of arts and crafts of high quality. |
| Which societies had an aptitude for technology? | The level of scientific knowledge and technological achievement was especially high in civilizations such as China, Ottoman Turkey, Mughal India, and Safavid Persia. |
| What where Europe's strides in technology? | Europe made exceptional strides in terms of scientific knowledge and technological achievement. The Renaissance, Scientific Revolution, and Enlightenment |
| Where was serfdom common? | Serfdom was common in Europe (especially Russia) |
| The rise in global productivity and wealth rested on the foundation of? | Slaves and Serfs |
| What was the dominating colonizing method? | Mercantilism, which had Joint-stock companies like the Dutch East India Company, the Hudson's Bay Company, the Company of New France, and the British East India Company helped to finance much of the exploration and colonization of this era. |
| During the 15-1600 what did the Spanish and the Portuguese do to impact world economies? | During the 1500s and 1600s, Spanish and Portuguese extraction of precious metals (especially silver) from the Americas affected economies around the world. |
| By the late 1700s what concept was starting? | Capitalism |
| What was one thing that facilitated trade? | Interregional trade was facilitated by the warmer weather of the medieval climatic optimum, and then affected by the global cooling that led to the Little Ice Age. |
| Social diversification resulted from the growing importance of? | Nonagricultural ways of making a living. |
| Some nonagricultural ways of making a living are? | Banking, commerce, trade, shopkeeping, and artisanry all led to the creation of middle and urban working classes. |
| What was the size of the middle class? | These classes were small to begin with, but steadily grew in numbers and cultural and social influence. |
| More economic importance began to be placed on? | trade, commerce, and money, rather than on land, which had been the traditional source and measure of wealth. |
| In more societies, what became more important? | merit became more important as a criterion for social advancement and even entering elite classes. |
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