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Vocab:Nature
Nature and Perspectives from Barrons
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Anthropogenic | Caused or produced by humans |
| Absolute location | Position on Earth’s surface using the coordinate system of longitude (that runs from North to South Pole) and latitude (that runs parallel to the equator). |
| Relative location | Position on Earth’s surface relative to other features |
| Formal Region | homogenous region is an area within which everyone shares in common one or mare distinctive characteristics. The shared feature could be a cultural value such as a common language, or an environmental climate. |
| Functional Region | Area organized around a node or focal point (diminishes in importance outward). This region is tied to the central point by transportation or communication systems or by economic or functional associations. |
| Perceptual Region | a place that people believe exists as a part of their cultural identity. Such regions emerge from an informal sense of place. (Often identified using a mental map). Examples: Bible belt, sun belt, rust bel |
| Environmental perception | a person’s idea or image of a place |
| Culture hearth | region from which cultural ideas originate (diffusion - the spreading of ideas from one area to another) Example: Fertile Crescent |
| Cultural landscape | built environment): Fashioning of a natural landscape by a cultural group. This is the essence of how humans interact with nature. |
| Cultural diffusion | The process of spread of a feature or trend from one place to another over time |
| Relocation diffusion | The spread of an idea through physical movement of people from one place to another. |
| Acculturation | Process of adopting only certain customs that will be to their advantage |
| Transculturation | A near equal exchange of culture traits or customs |
| Assimilation | Process of less dominant cultures losing their culture to a more dominant culture |
| Environmental determinism | A old approach to geography that argued that laws could be found in the physical sciences. Geography was how the physical environment caused human activities |
| Possibilism | The physical environment may limit some human actions, but people have the ability to adjust to their environment (vs Determinism) |
| Cultural Ecology | The geographic study of the multiple interactions of human-environmental relationships |
| Geographic Information Systems (GIS) | collection of computer hardware and software permitting spatial data to be collected, recorded, stored, retrieved, used, and displayed. |
| Global Positioning System (GPS) | satellite-based system for determining the absolute location of places |
| Remote sensing | method of collecting data or information through the use of instruments (e.g., satellites) that are physically distant from the area or object of study |
| Qualitative data | described in terms of its quality - informal or relative characteristics such as culture, language, religion |
| Quantitative data | precisely describes data using numbers and measures (population, political, economic) |
| Azimuthal | directions from a central point are preserved; usually these projections also have radial symmetry |
| Mercator | straight meridians and parallels that intersect at right angles, used for marine navigation |
Created by:
Perthenia
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