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Mid evil-middle ages
the midevil era to the end of the middle ages
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| charlemange | help unite western europe, led military fighting muslims, allied the church, germanic king named emperor of the romans by the pope, united and spread christian community, education was important to him, brought back latin, encouraged schools |
| pope leo III | asked charlemange for help and awarded him with the title of emperor of all of rome |
| feudalism | a loosely organized system of rule in which powerful local lords divided their landholdings among lesser lords, |
| fief | an estate, usually lords owned a large fief and would split it up between vassals whom would split it to peasants, it was a way for the lord and vassals to get work done and followers for free while the people got a place to live |
| sacraments | the sacred rights of the church, christians believed that if they participated in it they would achieve salvation |
| benedict rule | the three vows nuns and monks took: obedience to the abbot or abbess, poverty, purity,used by monasteries and convents around the world, |
| st. Benedict | a monk whom organized the benedict rule |
| serfs | peasants on a manor, were not to be bought or sold, were not free |
| secular | worldly |
| three orders | those who work, those who pray, those who fight |
| eleanor of aquitaine | married a french king and henry II, son is richard , active in politics, was arrested |
| papal supremacy | when a pope claims sole power over everything/one |
| excommunication | a punishment a pope could give saying that on e cannot receive the sacraments and could not have a christian burial |
| interdict | an order excluding an entire town from the sacraments |
| pilgrimage | a trip to the holy land |
| charter | a written document that set out the rights and privileges of the town, merchants would have to pay lords for this, to protect the interests of the town |
| guilds | formed accusations by the merchants and artisans, each one represented workers in each occupation, passed laws and taxes, protect quality of goods |
| apprentice | trainee, usually young people will be these before they become apart of a guild |
| journeymen | salaried workers of a guild |
| dante alighieri | poet, wrote the divine comedy |
| edward I | came up with parliament, right of the power of the purse |
| harold godwin | brother-in-law of edward I and was chosen as his heir, fought william the conqueror for the throne |
| battle of hastings | battle between harold godwin and william the conquer for the throne and william the conquer won |
| william the conquer | conquered england, granted fiefs to the church, had large fief, forced vassals to swear allegiance to him, doomsday book |
| doomsday book | census, believed to be used on the "day of judgment" |
| henry II | english king, made common law, made advancements to the legal system, had arguments with the church, his knights accidently killed thomas becket |
| thomas becket | an archbishop whom was killed by the knights of king henry, was in canterbury tales |
| common law | a legal system based on customs and court rulings |
| king john | king of england, abused his royal power, fought with lots of people and priests, had to sign magna carta |
| magna carta | a charter stating that the people and nobles had certain rights and that monarchs must obey the law |
| pope innocent III | fought against king john, excommunicated him and placed england under an interdict, claimed pope supremacy, good in battle, strengthened papal power and spread the power |
| due process | protects free men from random arrests, imprisonment, and other legal actions |
| habeas corpus | the principal that no one can be held in prison without first being charged with a specific crime |
| parliament | the great council of england made by king edward I, played a large role in the government, helped unify england, common people joined with lords and clergy, gained power of the purse, or the right to make new taxes |
| lay investiture | the emperor or any other non-clergy person presented a bishop with the ring and staff that showed their office |
| crusades | a series of religious wars |
| the concordat of worms | a treaty that declared the church had the sole power to elect and invest bishops with spiritual authority |
| saladin | helped the muslim win the second and third crusades and helped take control of jerusalem |
| christine de pisan | wrote books about issues on woman, questions why woman are perceived as lesser |
| inquisition | a church court set up to try people accused of heresy, harsh punishments |
| pope gregory I | first pope, did good for the people |
| black death | the nemonic plague, because less workers there was a need of higher paying jobs, revolts, 1 of every 3 people, thought it was g-d punishment |
| 100 year's war | conflicts between england and france led to war, new technologies called for larger armies, england was winning until joan of arc came, changed society by broke apart need for feudal system |
| joan of arc | french woman who took control of french armies in 100 year's war and won many battles until was captured and burned at the stake |
| thomas aquinas | writter- summa theologica, concluded that faith and reason exist in harmony, brought together christian fate and classical greek philosophy |
| scholasticism | uses reason to support christian beliefs |
| canterbury tales | a poem about visiting thomas beckets tomb, life in the middle ages, geoffrey chaucer |
| bayeux tapestry | tapestry that decorates a castle, lots of embroidery |
| technological advancements | farming- new ways of setting up feilds, iron plow, new saddle for animals, military - longbow and cannon |
Created by:
nsteiner23
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