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7th Grade CST
World history CST terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Roman Republic | Citizens vote to select their leaders |
| Julius Caesar | Ended Roman Republic by becoming dictator |
| Augustus | 1st emperor of Rome |
| Diocletian | Split Rome in 2, East and West |
| Constantinople | Moved capital of Rome to Constantinople |
| Fall of Rome causes | barbarian invasions, corrupt politicians, weak military, lack of money |
| Justinian | Byzantine emperor, created Justinian's Code |
| Allah | Islamic god |
| Hijrah | Islamic migration to their holy city of Mecca |
| Muhammad | visited by the angel Gabriel, given instructions to create new religion called Islam |
| Qu'ran | Muslim holy book (like the Christian bible) |
| Five Pillars of Islam | faith, prayer, alms (giving charity), fasting, pilgrimage |
| Sunnah | Muhammad's words and writings |
| Bureaucracy | System of departments and agencies that carry out the work of the government |
| 4 vegetation zones of Africa | savannah (grassland), sahara (desert), rainforest, semi-desert (part grass, part desert) |
| Trans Saharan trade | people from different regions trade (mainly people of the desert would trade salt for gold, which came from the rainforest) |
| Confucianism | Chinese set of beliefs: 1) Respect family and older generations, 2) educated individuals and society, 3) act morally in all ways |
| Buddhism | Chinese religion that focused on giving up material possessions to become enlightened |
| Daoism | Chinese religion that seeks a close connection with nature |
| Shinto | Japanese religion based on respect for nature and ancestors |
| Chinese influence on Japan | religion, government, writing system, arts (poems), agriculture |
| Haiku | Japanese poetry, has three lines of 5, 7, and 5 syllables |
| Samurai | trained Japanese warriors |
| Daimyo | powerful landowners in Japan (controlled the samurai) |
| Shogun | supreme military leader in Japan (controlled daimyo) |
| feudalism | System in medieval Europe in which peasants farmed land in exchange for housing and protection from lords and kings |
| serfs | unfree peasants in medieval Europe |
| bushido | samurai code of honor emphasizing loyalty |
| Thomas Aquinas | Italian scholar who studied works of Greek philosophers and argued for a balance between Christian faith and natural law |
| Natural law | behaving morally in all situations |
| Crusades | series of wars between Christians and Muslims, fighting over the Holy land (Jerusalem) |
| Bubonic plague | plague that spread through Europe and killed millions of people |
| Magna Carta | document the King was forced to sign in Europe, which limited his power (and influenced American government) |
| Parliament | English group of representatives which made the laws in England (and influenced our creation of Congress) |
| humanism | way of thought that focuses on human beings and their potential |
| Renaissance | a period of "rebirth" in Europe, began in Italy |
| Leonardo Da Vinci | renaissance painter, mathematician, astronomer |
| Michaelangelo | painted the sistine chapel, mainly a famous sculptor |
| the printing press | invented by Johannes Guttenburg, allowed printing and copying |
| printing press influences | helped people learn how to read |
| Indulgences | people paid the Catholic church to forgive their sins |
| Martin Luther | Did not agree with indulgences, created Lutheranism |
| Scientific Revolution | new way of thinking in Europe, centered around science and questioning the world |
| Age of Exploration | Europe began sending explorers overseas to find quicker trade routes |
| Francisco Pizarro | Attacked and killed Incas, caused the collapse of Incan empire |
| Hernan Cortez | conquered the Aztec empire |
| Columbian exchange | exchange of people, plants, disease, and food between European and American societies |
| John Locke | Philosopher - main idea was natural rights (people were born with the right to life, liberty, and property). Inspired Americans |
| Social contract | people should create government that defend individual rights and protect the good of the whole |
Created by:
treiche1
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