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ss french revolution

absolutism, enlightenment, and revolution

TermDefinition
absolute monarch kings or queens who held all of the power within their states' boundaries
divine right idea that God created the monarchy and that the monarch acted as God's representative on earth
Huguenots French protestants
intendents government agents used by Louis XIV who collected taxes and administered justice
Edict of Nantes declaration made by Henry of Navarre of France allowing Huguenots freedom to worship in France
Scientific Revolution a major change in European thought, in which the study of the natural world began to be characterized by careful observation and the questioning of accepted beliefs
geocentric theory theory that the earth is the center of the universe
heliocentric theory idea that the sun is at the center of the solar system
scientific method logical procedure for gathering and testing ideas
Enlightenment intellectual movement that stressed reason and thought and the power of individuals to solve problems
philosophe social critics or philosophers from France
social contract idea from Thomas Hobbes that suggested all humans are naturally selfish and wicked and must hand over their rights to a strong ruler to create/run their government
Estate social classes of France; 1st Estate: Church leaders, 2nd estate: rich nobles, 3rd estate: 97% of the people
Tennis Court Oath a pledge made by the members of France's National Assembly in 1789, in which they cowed to continue meeting until they had drawn up a new constitution
National Assembly a French congress established by the representatives of the Third Estate to enact laws and reforms in the name of the French people
Estates-General gathering of the three estates of France called by the king
Great Fear a wave of senseless panic that spread through the French countryside after the storming of the Bastille in 1789
Bastille French prison torn down in the early days of the French Revolution
Jacobins radical political party during the French Revolution
guillotine a machine for beheading people, used as a means of execution during the French Revolution
Reign of Terror period from 1793-1794 when Robespierre ruled France nearly as a dictator and thousands of political figures and ordinary citizens were executed
Napoleonic Code a comprehensive uniform system of laws established for France by Napoleon
Battle of Trafalgar and 1805 naval battle in which Napoleon's forces were defeated by a British fleet under command of Horatio Nelson
Continental System Napoleon's policy of preventing trade between Great Britain and continental Europe intended to destroy Great Britain's economy
Peninsular War a conflict in which Spanish rebels, with the aid of British forces, fought to drive Napoleon's French troops out of Spain
scorched-earth policy the practice of burning crops and killing livestock during wartime so that the enemy cannot live off the land
Created by: bowtiecat11
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