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WHII Midterm Review
Terms, People, and Key Concepts of the first nine weeks
| Term/Question | Definition/Answer |
|---|---|
| Holy Book of for Christians | Bible |
| Holy Book of Judaism | Torah |
| Holy Book of Islam | Koran |
| Term meaning belief in one god | Monotheism |
| First hand sources, testimonies, or materials | Primary Source |
| Goods exchanged along the Trans-Saharan Route | Gold and Salt |
| Shah Jahan ruled this empire, located in Northern India. It is the empire responsible for the Taj Mahal | Mughal |
| 3 beliefs or characteristics of Hinduism | The Caste System Reincarnation Karma |
| Coffee and ceramics were traded by this empire | Ottoman |
| The Ottomans were a strong trading empire because they had access to and control of the eastern portion of this body of water | Mediterranean Sea |
| In 1500, the most widespread religion in Europe | Christianity |
| Italian city-states were able to dominate trade because Italy is | centrally located on the Mediterranean |
| Meaning of the Renaissance | Rebirth of classical Greek and Roman culture |
| He painted both the Mona Lisa and the Last Supper | Leonardo Da Vinci |
| Painter who painted the Sistine Chapel | Michelangelo |
| Group formed during the Counter Reformation that spread the Catholic religion through education | Jesuits |
| Founder of the Jesuits | Ignatius Loyola |
| Humanism | Focus on the achievements and potential of humans |
| Famous humanist writer of the Renaissance period, he wrote "The Praise of Folly" | Erasmus |
| Man who started the Protestant Reformation | Martin Luther |
| Luther's list of grievances | 95 Theses |
| Martin Luther most criticized --- | the sale of indulgences |
| Pardons for sins | indulgences |
| Man who went around selling indulgences | Johann Tetzel |
| Term referring to the common or native language of an area | vernacular |
| Why would Martin Luther support the translation of the Bible into the vernacular? | The common person could read the Bible for himself. |
| He invented the printing press | Johann Gutenberg |
| Impact of the printing press | Increase literacy, education, spread of knowledge, and new ideas |
| Renaissance playwright who wrote about human fallibilty and vice, love, envy, and other human emotions | William Shakespeare |
| Columbian Exchange | Exchange of goods and products between the Old and New Worlds |
| He discovered a "whole new world" while looking for a shorter route to India | Christopher Columbus |
| Explorer who found what Columbus was looking for-a shorter route to India. (he found "da" route Columbus was looking for) | Vasco da Gama |
| English explorer who claimed Canada for England | John Cabot |
| Columbus sailed for this country | Spain |
| Explorer/conquistador who sailed for Spain and conquered the Aztecs | Cortez |
| Mercantilism | Theory that states there is a fixed amount of wealth in the world and a country should do all it can to gain power and wealth. A country should also export more goods than it imports. |
| Part of triangular trade that actually refers to the transporting of Africans to the New World | Middle Passage |
| Encomienda system provided Spain with this | a cheap labor source |
| Three purposes of missions | Churches/Spread Christianity Forts Schools |
| One last result of Spain's domincance in colonial Latin America is that | Spanish is the principal language spoken in most of Latin America. |
| Scientist who discovered the laws of gravity | Sir Isaac Newton |
| He used the telescope to prove the heliocentric theory | Galileo |
| Astronomer who proposed the theory of planetary motion (he "kept" the planets in motion") | Johannes Kepler |
| To protect the Japanese people from Western influences, the Tokugawa shogunate practiced a form of | isolationism or closed-door policy |
| Two characteristics of absolute monarchs | Belief in divine right and the centralization of power |
| Enlightenment writers focused on the | relationship people and the government |
| Enlightenment thinker who promoted the idea of separation of power. | Montesquieu |
| He influenced the writing of the Declaration of Independence | John Locke |
| Enligthenment thinker who believed everyone should have a voice and that the goals and agendas of church and state should be separate | Voltaire |
| Like scientitics of the scientific revolution, Enlightenment thinkers relied on the use of this --- | reason |
| He discovered the circulation of blood | William Harvey |
| Six causes of revolution | Religious Intolerance, Economic Distress, Social injustice, Unpopular method of rule, Enlightment ideas, and Nationalism |
| Identify two monarchs who were executed (hint: one is from England and one from France) | Charles I of England and Louis XVI of France |
| Bloodless transfer of power that occured when William and Mary became joint-monarchs of England | Glorious Revolution |
| In order to become rule England, William and Mary had to accept this---making them constitutional monarchs | English Bill of Rights |
| Causes of the French Revolution | Debt, Third Estate had little say in the government, increased taxes |
| The idea that government is a contract between people and the rulers is associated with this Enlightened thinker | Rousseau |
| Events of the French Revolution | Storming of the Bastille Reign of Terror |
| Revolution that influenced independence movements in other parts of the world | American Revolution |
| U.S. policy issued as a result of conflict over Latin America, this document stated the U.S. would view as a threat to its own security any attempt by European countries to regain colonies in Latin America | Monroe Doctrine |
| He was the George Washington of Latin America, leading independence movements in several colonies | Simon Bolivar |
| Priest who lead the independence movement in Mexico | Miguel Hidalgo |
| Pride in one's nation; believing that people of similar culture, customs, beliefs, and languages should be united | Nationalism |
| The Congress of Vienna wanted to take Europe BACK to how it was before 1789. What happened in 1789? | French Revolution started |
| The "C" in BACK stands for Congress of Vienna. What do the other three letters stand for? | B-Balance of Power A-A new map of Europe K-Kings restored to power |
| Leader at the Congress of Vienna | Prince Metternich |
| Event that led to the unification of Germany | Franco-Prussian War |
| Leader of the Germany unification movement | Otto Von Bismarck |
| He led the movement to unite Northern Italy | Count Cavour |
| He united Northern and Southern Italy | Giuseppe Garibaldi |
| Author of Don Quixote | Cervantes |
Created by:
jknoxville
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