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NERVOUS.SYSTEM.PATHO
Question | Answer |
---|---|
if neuron regeneration could occur, what mechanisms must be present for proper regeneration? | neurons must have a healthy cell body anda functional schwann cell, if disruption oxygen and blood supply was temporary |
what divisions of the nervous system can neuron regeneration occurs? | PNS |
AGING: amount of neurons | decrease |
AGING: neurotransmitters | reduced synthesis and secreation |
AGING: reflexs | decrease learning ability, short term memory, less processing |
AGING: proprioception | decrease |
AGING: pain threshold | increase for pain, touch, and vibration |
AGING: temperature regulation | changes |
NERVOUS SYSTEM DYSFUNCTION: central nervous system | confusion, reduced cognition, reduced memory and cognition of daily tasks, headaches, dizziness, depression, anxiety and insomina |
NERVOUS SYSTEM DYSFUNCTION: peripheral nervous system | located in the limbs or extremities |
NERVOUS SYSTEM DYSFUNCTION: sensory nerve impingement | tingling, numbness, pain, hyperesthesia |
NERVOUS SYSTEM DYSFUNCTION: motor nerve impingment | loss of strength, reduced ROM, uncoordination, loss of reflexes |
BENEFITS OF MASSAGE: cutaneous receptors | stimualtes or inhibits |
BENEFITS OF MASSAGE: muscle tone | softening, re-set muscle spindles |
BENEFITS OF MASSAGE: para-sympathetic | stimulate |
BENEFITS OF MASSAGE: proprioceptors | stimulates, re-sets new sense of being |
BENEFITS OF MASSAGE: neurotransmitters | increases production and release |
BENEFITS OF MASSAGE: newborns | enhanses growth and development of newborns |
quadriplegia | injury to spinal cord at C1-C7 |
paraplegia | injury to spinal cord at T12-L2 |
TBI | injury to brain cause by concussion, hematoma, fractures, swelling of the brain |
meningitis | inflammation of the meninges |
encephalitis | inflammation of the brain |
poliomyelitis/ post polio syndrome | viral infection affecting the gray matter of the CNS; symptoms show up years after recovery |
Shingles | vesicles from herpes zoster virus lying dormant in a peripheral nerve |
cephalgia | headache |
alzheimers disease | deterioration of the brain |
parkinsons disease | degenerative disease |
MS | autoimmune disease in which the auto-antibodies attack the myelin sheath |
cerebral vascular accident/stroke | ischemia and infarct to the brain tissue from a blood clot or hemorrhage |
what are the s/s of impending stroke | HA, blurred vision, slurred speech, dizziness, weakness on one side of their body |
what can trigger a migraine headache | hormonal shifts, periods, hunger, foods, weathers, barometer |
what is the gate control theory of pain | neural pathway closes, not allowing or the transmission of slow twitch fibers to ascend |
what mechanisms of pain will affect the clients life | physiologically, socially and psychologically |
what are common barriers to pain management? | fear of addiction, physicians fear of governmental regulations, inadequate insurance |
NSAIDS | reduce inflammation and thus swelling, reducing nociceptor stimulation; inhibits production of prostaglandins |
muscle relaxants | blocks the motor pathway to the muscle |
narcotics | acts on CNS to slow the transmission of pain |
anti-depressants | alters the neurotransmitter that can increase pain reception |
cerebral palsy | damage during fetal life, birth or early childhood |
spina bifida | congenital neural tube defect, failure of spinous process of vertebrae to close during first 4 weeks |
seizures | uncontrolled and excessive electrical activity in the brain` |
trigeminal neuralgia | cranial nerve V condition characterized by face pain |
Bells palsy | facial paralysis |
myasthenia gravis | autoimmune disease where antoantibodies are produced and attack acetylcholine in the neuromuscular synapse |
neuropathy | condition of a nerve |
Carpal tunnel syndrome | median nerve compression/ impingement |
thoracic outlet syndrome | brachial plexus impingement/entrapment and/ or sunclavian vessels |
depression | neurotransmitter imbalance of serotonin, norepinephrine and dopamine |
eating disorders | anorexia, bulimia, complusive overeating |