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India/Islam
Detailed Study guide of India and Islam...no dates though
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Theravada | Believed they were following initial teachings of the Buddha, and saw Buddha as a way of life, not a religion. |
| Mahayana | Believed nirvana was achieved through devotion to the Buddha. Thought Theravada was too strict, also thought of Buddism as a religion not a philosophy |
| How did Thervada and Mahayana cope in the 7th century? | Thervada declined and Mahayana spread in Indian Society |
| What religion was popular in NW corner of Indian subcontinant and Asia? | Islam. It was popular in Asia because of it's political disunity..many wars amongst states. |
| Turkey slaves founded this Islam state | Ghazni |
| Who ruled Ghazni after the founder of the state died in 997? | Mahmud of Ghazni |
| What did Mahmud of Ghazni do while in power? | Attacked neighboring Hindu kingdoms to SouthEast, and extended rule throughout Indus Valley and Indian Ocean. |
| What were Rajputs and what did they do? | They were Hindu Warriors and they resisted against Mahmud of Ghanzi into North |
| Who would win in a fight...An invador from Ghanzi or a Rajput? | Invador of Ghanzi |
| By 1200 Muslim power reached all of India creating this Muslim State | Sultanate of Dehli |
| In the 14th Century the Sultanate of Dehli spread to what plateau? | Deccan Plateau |
| Who raids the captial of Dehli after it's decline? | Timur Lenk |
| What was Timer Lenk's plan while in power? | conquest |
| After Timur Lenk's death what was the main problem? | Mongols, a newly emerging nomadic power |
| What was the relationship between a Muslim and Hindu in India? | That of conqueror and conquered |
| Where did peasants farm? | On a landlord's land (some tax given to government) |
| Internal or external trade in India? | external...not internal because of fighting amongst states |
| What were two artistic achivements of Indians | architecture and prose |
| A great prose artist was | Dandlin |
| Arabs studied Greek Philosophy with the aid of paper being vreated by China. There were paper factories, booksellers, and libraries. Okay? | Okay. |
| Who wrote about Aristotle's works? | Ibn-Rushd |
| How did Muslim's advance Math? | By adapting and passing the numerical system, including the number zero. Also algebra. |
| What about Muslim's and astronomy? | They knew the earth was round, they named stars, they studied position of stars, and perfected the astrolabe |
| What is an astrolabe? | An instrument used by sailors to determine their location by observing positions of stars and planets. This was perfected by the Muslims |
| What did Ibn-Sina do? | Wrote a medical encyclopedia |
| What did Ibn-Khaldun do? | studied and wrote history |
| Who wrote the Rubaiyat? | Omar Khayyam |
| Where is there a great expression of Islamic art? | in the mosque |
| What is the most famous section of the great mosque of Samarra? | the minaret which is the tower from which the muezzin, or crier, calls the faithful to pray 5 times a day |
| What are arabeques and where were they used? | geometric pattern repeated over and over to completely cover surface with decoration..used in palaces |
| What is a caliph? | successor |
| Who was caliph to Muhammad? | Abu Bakr |
| What is jihad? | struggle in the way of god....permitted by quran, allowed Muslims to expand |
| Under Abu Bakr, what/who did the Muslim's capture? | Byzantine army, syria, egypt, other areas of northern africa, persian empire |
| Who started the Umayyad dynasty? | Mu'awiyah |
| Mu'awiyah started what dynasty? | Umayyad |
| Mu'awiyah was know for this outstanding virtue | nonviolent-ness |
| Arabs converted which group right after Mu'awiyah moved from Madinah to Damascus? | The Berbers, a pastoral people living along the Medditeranian Coast of Northern Africa |
| Who led a revolt against the Arabs during their successes? | Hussein |
| What do Shiite believe? | They accept only decendents of Ali as true rulers of Islam |
| What do the Sunni believe? | They did not agree with Umayyad rule but accepted the Umayyads as rulers |
| Who is the majority, Sunnis or Shittes? | Sunnis, but most people in Iraq and neighboring Iran consider themsleves Shittes. |
| Abu al-Abbas overthrows what dynasty and sets up what other dynasty? | Umayyad, Abbasid |
| What was the capital of the Abbasids? | Bagdad, on the tigris river |
| Who was Harun al-Rashid? | Reign described as golden age of the Abbisid caliphate, under him there was gorwing prosperity, Bagdad became the center of trade, |
| Whats a vizier? | A high goverment official in Muslim countries |
| Under the Abbasids, a council headed by a prime minister known as a ________ advised caliph | vizier |
| What happened after Harun al-Rashid died? | His two sons fought for caliphate, almost destorying Bagdad, disintegration in army and beuracracy, provinces broke off and formed sererate emipres |
| Who were the Seljuk Turks? | nomadic people from Asia in fatimid dynasty's army of forigners |
| Who took over the eastern part of the Abbasid empire by the eleventh century? | Seljuk Turks |
| What was the title of the Turkish leader who captured Bagdad and took control of the empire? | sultan or "holder of power" |
| How did the Crusades become? | To protect itself from the Seljuk Turks, the Byzantine empire asked the Christian states of Europe for help, and since the Islamic people and Christians feared and disliked each other, many Europeans agreed. |
| How did the Fatimid dynasty end? | Saladin, a Muslim ruler during the crusades, took control of Egypt and made himself sultan |
| Who were the mongols? | A pastoral people who swept out of the Gobi in the early thirteenth century to seize control over much of the known world. Created terror to conquer. EVEN BURNED DOWN SCHOOLS, LIBRARIES, AND MOSQUES! |
| Whats a mosque | a muslim place of worship |
| As a result of the Mongol destruction of Bagdad, which city became the center of Islamic Civilization? | Cairo, Egypt |
Created by:
bubnboy
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