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Islam/muslim cult.
the religion of Islam and Muslim people, plus Byzantine empire
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Muslims | followers of the religion Islam |
| bedouins | nomadic herders |
| Mecca | A large trading town |
| Kaaba | a place where Arabs came to pray, an antiant temple that housed pagan gods and goddesses, no weapons were allowed inside, muhammad belived abraham built it to believe in one god |
| Muhammad | a merchant until he heard god call on him to be his messenger, |
| Khadija | The wife of Muhammad, first to convert to Islam |
| Islam | the religion of muslims, monotheistic, follows the Quran, Allah, Muhammad, to achieve through submission to god |
| Hijra | the journey Muhammad and his followers went on from Mecca to Medina to spread religion |
| Medina | the city where islam gained a lot of followers when muhammad took over and created peace |
| Quran | the secrete text of Islam, people responsible for their own actions, god is all powerful |
| language of the muslims | Arabic |
| the five pillars | the five basic duties preformed by a muslim |
| First pillar | declaration of faith, there is only one god i cherish and muhammad is his prophet |
| Second pillar | pray five times a day |
| Third pillar | give charity to the poor |
| Fourth pillar | fast from sun rise to sun set in the month of ramadan |
| Fifth pillar | make the hajj to mecca |
| mosque | where muslims gather to pray |
| muezzin | mosque official that calls the faithful to pray |
| jihad | a struggle |
| people of the book | jews and christians |
| sharia | a body of law that includes an interpretation of the Quran, examples of behavior from Muhammad's life, and muslim traditions |
| abu bakr | muhammad's father in law, first caliph |
| caliph | succesor |
| sultan | a ruler |
| shiite | muslims who believe that a descendant from muhammad should be the next ruler, ali |
| sunni | muslims who believe that any good male, muslim should be the next ruler, caliph |
| schism | a formal division or separation, sunni and shiite |
| sufis | muslim mystics who sought communication with god through meditation and other rituals, |
| umayyad empire | a dynasty of sunni caliphs who ruled the muslim empire, defeated Byzantine forces, concurred spain and france, decline because corrupt |
| muslim success in the umayyed empire | byzantine and persian empires were weak, bold efficient fighting methods, belief in a common faith, support of agricultural policies |
| ali | muhammad's cousin, shiites wanted hin to be next ruler |
| abbasid empire | ruled based on equality, encouraged learning, changed capital to bagdad, ended discrimination against non-muslin arabs |
| Ibn rushd | scholar tested all writings except for the quran and wrote about aristotle |
| inb khaldun | arab thinker, set standards for the scientific study of history, warned about bias, exaggeration, and over-confidence in historical writings |
| al-kwarizimi | mathematician, algebra, standard math textbook in england, |
| muhammad al-razi | doctor at hospital in bagdad, wrote books on medicine, treat patients with mind as well as body |
| ibn sina | doctor, wrote encyclopedia from what the greeks, arabs and himself knew about medicine |
| mugal empire | indian, made peace between hindus and muslims, |
| akbar the great | greatest ruler of mugal empire, ended tax on non-muslims, fair, paid officials, modernized army, internationalized trade, weights and measures, son built taj mahal |
| ottoman empire | cannons, new military technology, turkish nomads, mehmet II, constantinople, |
| mehmet ll | got control of constantinople |
| suleiman the magnificent | the lawgiver, conquered lands, new military technology, took over more of europe, wise |
| ottoman classes | men of the sword- soldiers, men of the pen- scientist, lawyers, judges, poets, men of negotiation- merchants, tax collectors, artisans, men of the husbandry- farmers or herders |
| janizeries | soliders of the ottoman army |
| shah abbas | mixture of force and diplomacy against ottomans, powerful military, tolerated non-muslims, center of silk trade |
| justantine | ruled byzantine empire and church, had a halo, married to theodora, haiga sofia, justinian's code, |
Created by:
nsteiner23
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