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Agriculture & Rural*
#16-44
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Double cropping | The practice of harvesting twice a year from the same field |
| Crop rotation | Practice of rotating use of different fields from crop to crop each year, to avoid exhausting the soil |
| Plantation | Large farm in tropical and subtropical climates that specializes in the production of one or two crops for sale, usually to a more developed country |
| Horticulture | Growing of fruits, vegetables, and flowers |
| Second Agricultural Revolution | Happened at the time of the Industrial Revolution- shifted from subsistence farming to farming for surplus |
| Von Thunen Model | Theory that a commercial farmer will decide which crops to grow and which livestock to raise depending on proximity to markets |
| Sustainable agriculture | Farming methods that preserve long-term productivity of land and minimize pollution, typically by rotating soil-restoring crops with cash crops and reducing inputs of fertilizer and pesticides |
| Green revolution | Rapid diffusion of new agricultural technology, especially new high-yield seeds and fertilizers |
| Livestock ranching | Commercial grazing of livestock over an extensive area |
| Cultivation regions | Regions where there is agricultural activity |
| Desertification | Degradation of land, especially in semiarid areas, primarily because of human actions like excessive crop planting, animal grazing, and tree cutting |
| Growing season | The season in which crops grow best |
| Intertillage | The manual clearing of rows in the field through the use of hoes, rakes, and other manual equipment |
| Market gardening | The small scale production of fruits, vegetables, and flowers as cash crops sold directly to local consumers |
| Mediterranean agriculture | An agro-ecological strategy catering to the warm, dry summers and mild winters of the lands surrounding the Mediterranean Sea |
| Grain farming | Requires extensive technology, #1 export |
| Dairy farming | Located near urban areas, sell to wholesalers, labor intensive |
| Mixed crop/livestock | A lot of the produce is fed to animals and not consumed by people |
| Gardening/Fruit farming | Characterized by truck farming and cheap labor |
| Intensive Agriculture | Must be insensitively worked on to produce and attain food from the land to survive on |
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