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French Rev. DKL13

French Rev. Assessment Study Cards DKLong13

TermDefinition
Scorched-Earth Policy Russia's defense plan against Napoleon where they burned everything as they retreated further east into Russia's interior; resulted in massive casualties for the French Army
Continental System Napoleon's economic warfare against England; he closed off all ports & seized ships; backfired when England responded with its own blockade--> prices skyrocketed
Exile means to be banished or sent away; Napoleon was prohibited from being in France and was sent to Elba; banished a 2nd time to St. Helena
Napoleonic Code set of rewritten laws made easier to understand for the people by the French emperor
Tennis Court Oath event when the National Assembly vowed to meet whenever and wherever in order to create a fair & just constitution
Bastille fortress turned prison that was attacked by Parisians who demanded weapons they believed were stored inside; symbol of the old, oppressive regime of King Louis
Committee of Public Safety Group formed by the radical Jacobins who wanted to discourage citizens from opposing the revolution by killing mass amounts of people by the guillotine
Congress of Vienna group created to re-organize Europe after the Napoleonic wars; goal was to create a balance of power among European countries
National Assembly 3rd Estate men formed this group when the first 2 estates outvoted them every time in the Estates General meeting; claimed to represent all of France; determined to create a fair constitution
Declaration of the Rights of Man & the Citizen fair constitution created by the National Assembly; called for taxes to be paid based on ability, equality for all men before the law, & state control over the Church; left out women so Olympe de Gouges protested, but the group refused as did the king
Emigres French nobles & clergy members who fled France because they were afraid of peasant attacks; European monarchs responded by increasing border patrols to prevent the spread of the idea of revolution by the fleeing French
Robespierre & the Reign of Terror Jacobin member in charge of the Committee of Public Safety who led the slaughter against French citizens convicted of treason; over 300,000 arrested and nearly 18,000 butchered by the guillotine
Factions Groups; groups in France fought for power against one another and radicals, like the Jacobin club, prevailed
Battle of Waterloo Napoleon's comeback war, final defeat by Austria & Prussia on Belgian territory; he abdicated (gave up) the throne and was exiled to St. Helena where he died 6 months later
Versailles Town located 10 miles outside of Paris where the royal family built a palace by the same name; home to King Louis & Marie Antoinette who lived a life of luxury, but were ultimately sent to the guillotine for their lavish habits
Social structure of France 3 estates; 1st= clergy, 2nd= nobles, 3rd= everyone else (mostly peasants); much inequality among them
Main causes of economic crisis 1) deficit spending by Louis XVI, 2) costly wars, 3) heavy borrowing---Louis refused to listen to his financial advisor (Jacques Necker), so debt increased
Opposition to the Declaration of the Rights of Man Groups against the constitution: 1) clergy, 2) nobles, 3) king
Why did the National Assembly sell church lands? done to pay off France's debt; Church disapproved
Changes for France 1) equality for all men before the law, 2) state-control over the Church, 3) special privileges reduced, & 4) taxes based on ability to pay
How did Napoleon rise to power? he won several battles for France against other European nations; the French people saw him as a hero of the revolution; great military figure
Who rules France after Napoleon? the principle of legitimacy returns the throne to the Bourbon family and Louis XVIII becomes King of France
Created by: 673398559
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