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Imperialism 1800s
WS3 Imperialism 1800s
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| In the 1800s Europe spread into what areas? | Africa, Asia, and the Middle East |
| Why did Europe want to have an empire? | economics, political and military interests, religion, social darwinism; building an empire |
| In building a Empire the economic reasons for Europe were | colonies were tremendous money makers |
| In building an Empire what were the political and military interest for Europe? | need bases around the world; take land |
| In building an empire the religous reasons for Europe were? | spread Christianity, "white mans burden" |
| Europe was able to build an Empire because of these 4 advantages | centralized government; fabulous wealth; facing divided enemies; technology |
| the advantage of fabulous wealth resulted in Europe having | the ability to buy what they needed |
| European advantage of technology means | they had weapons, transportation, medicine |
| Europe exerted 3 tpes of control, they were. | sphere of influence, protectorates, colonies |
| What is the control of the sphere of influence? | a area in which you have exclusive trading rights (-no cost + control -) |
| What is the type of control from protectorates? | a stronger country guarantees protection to a weaker country (-own economy - medium cost) |
| What is the type of control with colonies? | conquering country takes over , most expensive |
| Colonization of one coutry by another. | is most expensive, usually required massive military, countries cultures and customs are lost |
| What is direct rule? | complete rule |
| What is indirect rule? | conquering country fills all major government and military positions, fills lower positions with trusted locals |
| Where was the British East India Company given trading rights? | eastern fringe of India |
| How did the British gain control of basicaly all of India by the 1850s? | by winning sections at a time, winning by splitting India up |
| How did British split up and win parts of India? | divide and conquer; emperors to go against each other, price ally |
| BHow did hte Bristsh devide and conquer? | convince little emperors that they needed the British |
| Britian also split India up by getting the emperors to | go against each other |
| How did British use money to divide and conquer? | make some areas like Calcutta price allies (??) economic ally |
| What was the main goal of the Brisith East India Company? | make a profit |
| What is one way the British did some good in India? | outlawing Sati (wife on fire) |
| Indian soldiers started doing what? | serving in the British army |
| In ghe Sepoy Rebellion the British made some... | very serious mistakes |
| One British mistake in Sepoy rebellion was requiring | Sepoys to serve overseas, not jsut in India |
| A serious mistake in the Sepoy Rebellion occured when the British made it legal for | Hindu widows to remarry |
| British made a mistake in ght Sepoy Rebellion when they used new rifles and new cartridges, why? | coated paper cartridges (wiholding gunpowder and ball) with animal (pig & cow) fat and cows were sacred |
| Where did the Sepoys revolt? | all over northern and central India |
| On both sides of the Sepoy rebellion both sides were | very brutal |
| In the Sepoy Rebellion the British quickly regained... | control, crushed the revolt |
| Two major results of the British crushing the Sepoy revolt | British Raj (??), Indian Civil Service: all policies established to fit India into British ecomony |
| What did the White Mans Brudern do? | forced modernization |
| India became what to the British | source of raw materials, market for cheap British goods |
| The British flodded India with | cheap textiles |
| The British control of India's ecomomy did what to India's agriculture? | changed it |
| cash crop | (blank) |
| British introduction of medicin and increased food supply caused | India's population to grow rapidly |
| How did British cause India's population to grow rapidly | introduced medicing and increased food production |
| India's population explosion added to emphasis on | cash crops |
| Emphasis on cash crops in India lead to | massive famines |
| British were divided in their views of who? | Indians |
| The Indians were divided because | 1. only real answer was their Muslim and Hindu cultures, 2. impressed with British technology and power |
| Who was Ram Monum Rowy? | founder of Modern Indian nationalism |
| 3rd method epitomized by?????????? | Ram Mohun Roy |
| ? proud of India's heritage..... | (blank) |
| By the late 1800s many educted elite were | nationalist leaders |
| An unintentional irony of British policies was | teaching Indians to rebel, giving them the tools to rebel ??? |
| In 1885 the Indian National Congress believed .. | in non-violent protests; western modernization; much greater democracy |
| What was Swadeshi, its cause and effects? | Boycott of British goods because Indians couldn't do things they used to, it hurt Britians economy, scared Muslims |
| Other groups were | much more radical (violent & violence) /??? |
| Swadeshi ??? wanted to restore | the Hindu and /or Muslim culture |
| In 1906 the Muslim League worried about | Hindu domination of the INC (goal:autonomy)??? |
| ??? The Muslim League (1906) began talking of a separate | Muslim state |
| As more Indians began to protest the British rule the Muslim League's ???? | goal changed |
| Why had China strictly controlled trade? | wanted nothing British, didn't want to be influenced by British |
| ??? best then everyone else passes them | (blank) |
| Britian/s demands in the late 1700's | (blank) |
| What was the Opium War of 1839? | The result of British trading opium for tea |
| What did Britian trade with China? | Opium for tea |
| What is opium? | an addictive painkiller |
| The Opium war resulted in 1000s of | opium addicts |
| Ultimately the Chinaese government outlawed | opium and executed the dealers |
| What did the Chiaese government do to opium dealers? | executed them |
| After the Chinese outlawed opium the British | brought in more opium anyway |
| The Opium War (1839) actually started after China outlawed opium and | Britian braought in more opium anyway |
| What did the Chinese do when Britain brought in opium after it had been noutlawed? | Chinese ships attacked British opium ships |
| When did the Opium War end? | 1842 |
| Why did the Opium War end? | British navy far outclassed Chinese ships |
| What treaty ended the Opium War? | Treaty of Nanjing |
| What did the Treaty of Nanjing do? | forced China to pay a huge indemity (pay for being wrong) |
| What did Britian get under the Treaty of Nanjing? | Hong Kong, extra-territoy ???? |
| Britian had "most favored nation staus" which meant | Britian had 1st rights to anything they had, and discounts ???? |
| After the Treaty of Nanjing in China | British rule only, Chinese can't do anything ???? |
| What was the "Open Door Policy"? | US demanded that the Chinese trade with us ???? |
| After the Treaty of Nanjing was in effect what happened to the Qing Dynasy? | began to crumble, peasants getting closer to rebellion |
| In the Taiping Rebellion of 1850-1864 .. | peasants rebellion led to success ???? |
| In the Taiping Rebellion, Hong Xiuaun (??) won | large sections of China, held on for 14 years |
| The Taiping Rebellion almost broke the | Qing Dynasy |
| Massive losses in the Taiping Rebellion allowed Europeans to | gain even more control |
| Attempted reforms under Empress Cixi (???) largely | failed |
| Japan became an insustrial and miliray power | took ??? |
| Japan became an insustrial and military power after crushing | China in war and exposing China's weaknesses |
| After the Taiping Rebellion Europeans carved up ??? | spheres of influence for themselves |
| ????? Empire crumbles as 100 days of reform | failed, conservatives gained power |
| Where did the name Boxer Rebellion come from? | Boxing from Chinese "Kung Fu" |
| What was the goal of the Boxer Rebellion? | wipe out anything that hurt the country, anything not Chinese |
| The Boxer Rebellion resulted in... | massive reform and modernization by Qing |
| Too little, too late and natioalism still grew | (blank) |
| Sun Yixian's 3 prinicples. | (blank) |
| What happened in the Revolution of 1911? | monarchy falls aparet and China reformed as a republic |
| When was China reformed as a republic | Jan 1912, after the Revolution of 1911 |
| Yuan Shikai (???) sends out best general to.. | put rebellion down |
| Yuan Shikai (???) steps down for... | the good of China |
| What country became a model of Asia? | Japan |
| What was happening in Japan? | facing same problems as China |
| What problems were Japan and China facing? | weakened governemtn, peasants growing toward revolution, foreigners came in |
| Did China or Japan resist westerners? | China |
| Who was the most well known foreigner to come into Japan? | Commodore Perry, US best Naval officer |
| What did Commodore Perry want to do? | open up trade |
| What qualities did Commodore Perry have? | strength and honor |
| How did Commodore Perry approach the Japanese? | with respect, brought gifts, talked about the honor of the US in joining Japan |
| How long did the US and Japan have great trade relationship? | 9 months ??? |
| Who brings back monarchy to Japan? | Meiji |
| Who was Meiji and what did he want to do? | only 15 yrs old, had very long reign, planned to build Japan into a world power |
| Where did Meiji send people? | to US to study the US |
| What 3 areas did Meiji want to reform? | government, economy, social/legal |
| What government reforms did Meiji want? | strong central government (Meiji constitution), all people equal but emperor had all the power, limited legislature and suffarage |
| In Meiji all people were equal, but who held all the power? | emperor |
| Meiji wanted a beaucracy based on... | the West's |
| What economic changes did Meiji want? | government rapidly modernize the country, the Zaibatsu plan (business to copy western model) |
| What was the Zaibatsu plan for the economy? | for businesses to copy the Western model |
| What was the social/legal aspects of Meiji's plan? | (not social) distinctions between people ended |
| Why did Meiji's social/legal plan work well? | homogenious socient; earlier leaders had set Japan up well; already knew how to borrow from other countries; determined to end foreign rule |
| When did the Japan Empire defeat China? | 1894 |
| Japanese Empire challenged and beat what country? | Russia (over Korea and Manchuria???) |
| When was the Russo-Japanese war and who won? | 1904-1905, Japan won |
| What treaty ended the Russo-Japanese war? | Treaty of Portsmouth |
| In the Russo-Japanese War it was the first time an Asian country | won against the European country (beat Russia) |
| Korea was forced to go through the same thing that 2 other countries had gome through, what 2 countries | China and Japan |
| What Asian country dominated Korea | Japan |
| What was Korea to Japan? | fist a protectorate, then annexed into Japan |
| Japans brutal rule of Korea lead to | March first movement (March 1, 1919) |
| What generally happened in the Colonization of Southeast Asia? | 1500/1600s still independent, bu 1890 mostly conquered |
| Which Southeast Asian country survived (1890) | Siam |
| (Siam???) keeps independence by: | King Mongkut (& Chulongkorn) - make reform & modernization a huge priority; never underestimated the West; worked as a buffer between British and French holdings |
| The goal of the west pushing further into the Pacific was? | keep British and French apart |
| ???Keeping British and French apart in the Pacific resulted in | naval bases, natural resources, place to sell goods |
| What was the Hawaii saga? | US forces unequal treaty on Samoa |
| In 1900 who owned almost every island of Samoa ???? | US, Britian, France, Germany |
| What country would take all of German possession during WWI | Japan |
| The Europeans had been kept almost entirely out of what area? | Africa |
| What had kept the Europeans out of Africa | they would have killed them, diseases |
| What changed, allowing Europeans access to Africa? | the steamboat and advances in medicin |
| What medicine helped Europeans go into Africa? | quinine |
| Africa was a diverse culturally as it was | geographically |
| What is an example of Africa's diverse culture? | religion: North Africa = primarily a desert religion ????? : South Africa= Zulo, grand tribe, ShockaZulu |
Created by:
KPatrick
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