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Age-of-Exploration
Age of Exploration vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Bartolomeu Diaz | He rounded the southern tip of Africa, which became known as the Cape of Good Hope because it opened a way for a sea route to Asia |
| Prince Henry | He led the way in sponsoring exploration for Portugal |
| Vasco de Gama | He led four ships around the Cape of Good Hope and his voyages confirmed Portugal's status as a world power |
| Treaty of Tordesillas | treaty signed between Spain and Portugal in 1494 which divided the non-European world between them |
| Dutch East India Company | a trading company established by the Netherlands in 1602 to protect and expand its trade in Asia |
| Ming Dynasty | Chinese dynasty in which Chinese rule was restored; they would not trade with the Europeans because their products were inferior; they demanded payment in gold or silver |
| Caravel | a small, fast Spanish or Portuguese ship |
| Sextant | an astronomical instrument used to determine latitude and longitude at sea by measuring angular distances |
| Zheng He | Chinese admiral and diplomat who explored the coasts of Southeast Asia and India and the entrances to the Persian Gulf and the Red Sea |
| Manchus | people originally from Manchuria, north of China, who conguered the Ming dynasty and ruled China as the Qing dynasty from the mid 1600s to the early 1900s |
| Qing Dynasty | dynasty established by the Manchus in the mid 1600s and lasted until the early 1900s; China's last dynasty |
| mestizo | person in Spain's colonies in the Americas who was of Native American and European descent |
| Daimyo | large landowner; a lord who is a vassal of a shogun |
| Magellan | a Portuguese nobleman who found a way to the Pacific Ocean, known as the Strait of Magellan |
| encomienda | right the Spanish government granted to its American colonists to demand labor or tribute from Native Americans |
| Christopher Columbus | an Italian navigator who explored the West Indies |
| colony | territory settled and ruled by people from another land |
| Atahualpa | an Incan ruler who was killed by the Spanish when he refused to become a Spanish vassal or convert to Christianity |
| Hernando Cortes | a conquistador from Cuba who sailed to the coast of Mexico and from there, traveled to Tenochititlan where he captured and demolished Tenochititlan with the help of the his Indian allies |
| conquistador | Spanish explorers who claimed lands in the Americas for Spain |
| Francisco Pizarro | a Spainiard to sailed to Peru and aided by Indian allies,overran the Incan heartland |
| New France | French possesions in present-day Canada from the 1500s to 1763 |
| Jamestown | location of the first permanent English colony |
| Pilgrims | English protestants who rejected the church of England |
| Puritans | members of an English Protestant group who wanted to "purify" the Church of England by making it more simple and more morally strict |
| French & Indian War | war between Britain and France in the Americas that happened from 1754 to 1763; it was part of a global war called the Seven Years' War |
| New Netherland | A Dutch colony in North America |
| Atlantic Slave Trade | the buying, transportation, and selling of Africans for work in the Americas |
| Triangular Trade | colonial trade routes among Europe and its colonies, the West Indies, and Africa in which goods were exchanged for slaves |
| Middle Passage | the leg of the triangular trade route on which slaves were transported from Africa to the Americas |
| Columbian Exchange | the global exchange of goods, ideas, plants, and animals, and disease that began with Columbus' exploration of the Americas |
| Capitalism | economic system in which the means of production are privately owned and operated for profit |
| Joint-stock Company | a business in which investors pool their wealth for a common purpose, and then share the wealth |
| Mercantilism | policy by which a nation sought to export more than it imported in order to build its supply of gold and silver |
| Phillip II | King of Spain who strengthened the Catholic Church, expanded Spanish influence, and made his own power absolute. He sent the armada to attack England |
| Charles V | king of Spain and the Hapsburg empire who divided the Hapsburg empire between his brother and his son |
| Spanish Armada | great fleet sent from Spain by Phillip II against England |
| Inflation | economic cycle that involves a rapid rise in prices linked to a sharp increase in the amount of money available |
| Dutch Independence | attempt of the Netherlands to secede from Spain |
Created by:
SarahHalter
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