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Animal Health 2
Disease Determinants & Transmission
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Def: Disease | Deviation of the normal of any part of the body |
| Def: Etiology | Cause of disease |
| [D]amnit | degenerative, developmental, dementia |
| d[A]mnit | allergic, autoimmune, anomaly |
| da[M]nit | metabolic, mechanical |
| dam[N]it | nutritional, neoplastic |
| damn[I]t | inflammatory, immune, iatrogenic, ischemic, idiopathic |
| damni[T] | trauma, toxin |
| Def: Iatrogenic | caused by therapy or care-giver |
| Def: Idiopathic | unknown cause |
| Def: Ischemic | stroke, lack of blood flow |
| Def: Agrocerysis | not enough food |
| Agent factors | nutrient, chemical, physical, infectious |
| Host factors | genetics, gender, physiology, age, immune status,, concurrent diseases |
| Environmental factors | physical, biological, socioeconomic |
| Infectious agents | bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites, prions |
| Bacterial agents | salmonella, E. coli, tetanus |
| Viral agents | herpes, influenza, parvo, PRRS, rabies |
| Fungal agents | ringworm |
| Parasitic agents | protozoa(coccidia, giardia, toxoplasma. Metazoa (flukes, worms, mites, ticks, fleas) |
| Prion agents | BSE 'mad cow disease' |
| Def: Infectious | caused by micro-organisms |
| Def: Non-infectious | Not caused by micro-organisms: cancer, nutritional, trauma, etc. |
| Def: Contagious | infectious disease spread between animals |
| Def: Flora | pests, parasites, food |
| Def: Fauna | plants, food |
| Def: Infection | Entry and development or multiplication of an infectious agent |
| Def: Infectivity | Ability of living agent to cause infection |
| Def: Incubation | Exposure to Infectious agent to onset of disease |
| Def: Induction: | Exposure to Non-Infectious agent to onset of disease |
| Def: "Iceberg Effect" | amount of disease that is clinically apparent |
| Def: Quarantine | Isolation used to detect clinically unapparent infection |
| Def: Pathogenicity | Ability for infectious agent to cause disease |
| Def: Virulence | Ability for agent to cause severe diease |
| Primary disease | usually mild CHRONIC INFECTIOUS disease. weakens immune system. disrupts physical defenses |
| Secondary disease | immune system overload. results in severe pathogenic disease. |
| Def: Morbidity | sick / exposed |
| Def: Mortality | Dead / exposed |
| Def: Acute | early stages. few to no signs |
| Def: Chronic | Lat stages. may be beyond treatment. agent may be gone but residual damage |
| Def: Terminal | Dead |
| Def: Contagious | Infectious disease that can be spread |
| Def: Contamination | Presence of infectious agent on exterior surface |
| Def: Pollution | Presence of offensive matter in environment |
| Def: Reservoir | living or inanimate matter in which an infectious agent normally lives an multiplies |
| Def: Vector | Living invertebrate that carries an infectious agent to a susceptible host |
| Def: Primary Vehicle | secretions, excretions, and other bodily fluis/tissues of infected host |
| Def: Secondary Vehicle | Inanimate object contaminated with primary disease |
| Def: Carrier | animal that harbors an infectious agent without showing clinical disease |
| Def: Incubationary | Prior to clinical signs |
| Def: Concalescent | After clinical signs have subsided |
| Def: Intermittent | After recovery (sporadic) |
| Def: Chronic | Extended periods (typhoid) |
| Def: Healthy | Never shows clinical signs |
| Def: Portal of Entry | how agent gets into host |
| types of PoE | Oral, Aerosolized, copulation |
| Def: Portal of Exit | How agent is released from reservoir |
| Horizontal Direct | Contact with animal. aerosolization, fecal-oral, food |
| Horizontal Indirect | Secondary Vehicles, Vectors |
| Def: Mechanical vector | carries agent |
| Def: Biological | agent changes (life cycle) |
| Def: Vertical | Transovarian |
| Hydration | eyelids, edema, skin tent |
| Head | expression, carriage, symetry |
| Mouth | Salivation, odor, MM, teeth |
| CRT Cap. refill time | 2-3 sec |
| Eyes | outside to inside. |
| PLR | Pupilary light response |
| Def: Nystagmus | Abnormal side to side movement (CNS prob) |
| Third eyelid | Nicitating membrane |
| Def: Miosis | pinpoint pupils |
| Def: Mydriasis | dilated pupils |
| Def: Anisocoria | Unequal pupil size |
| Def: Dyspnia | Difficult breathing |
| Def: Serous | Watery often viral |
| Def: Purulent | Pus. often bacterial |
| Def: Hemmorhagic / Epistaxis | bloody |
| Def: Mycosis | fungal infections (equine) |
| Increased respiration depth | alkalosis, sick |
| Rapid shallow breath | Acidosis |
| Def: Dyspnea | Labored breathing |
| Ballotment indicates what? | fluid in AB |
| INT = | Integument |
| Integument = | Skin |
| TPR | Temp, Pulse, Resp |
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maggiemae
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