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WH Unit 6
Change and Global Conflict
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Industrial Revolution | The increased output of the machine-made goods that began in Europe in the middle of the 1700’s |
| Britain | The first country to industrialize |
| enclosure | The term associated with large closed-in fields, either by fences or hedges, for the purpose of farming |
| population, natural resources, economy & political stability | the resources that contributed to Britain being the nation in which the Industrial Revolution began |
| factories | Large buildings where machines are set up to take the work of spinning and weaving out of the house |
| urbanization | the building of cities and moving of people and families from rural areas into more urban ones |
| more jobs for citizens, country people could take city jobs, and the agriculture and fishing industries boomed | major effects of the development of the railroad |
| middle class | The social class made up of skilled workers, professionals, business people and wealthy farmers that expanded as a result of industrialization |
| a negative experience that brought on unhealthy conditions | the living conditions and working conditions of the industrial revolution in the cities overall were |
| created jobs, contributed to wealth of the nation and improved technology | three positive contributions of the Industrial Revolution |
| corporation | A business owned by stockholders who share in its profits but are not personally responsible for its debts |
| textiles | The Industrial Revolution in the United States began similarly to Britain’s when factories were built to make this |
| Belgium & Germany | The first European nations to industrialize after Britain |
| laissez faire | The term that refers to the economic policy of letting owners of industry and business set working conditions without interference |
| Karl Marx | a co-author of “The Communist Manifesto” and firm believer in this radical type of socialism |
| Adam Smith | the author of “A Wealth of Nations” which established the three natural laws of economics; the law of self-interest, competition and of supply and demand. |
| capitalism | An economic system in which the factors of production are privately owned and money is invested in business ventures to make a profit |
| socialism | An economic system in which the factors of production are owned by the public and operate for the welfare of all |
| unions | Workers joined together in voluntary labor associations |
| strike | If factory owners refused the demands of the labor associations, those members had the right to refuse to work |
| imperialism | The seizure of a country or territory by a stronger country |
| racism | The belief that one race is superior to others |
| Berlin | The conference that split Africa up among the European nations to prevent war happened here |
| racism, economic benefits, and Social Darwinism | reasons for European imperialism |
| Boer | Dutch farmers that settled in South Africa |
| Britain | winners in the war between the Dutch farmers and Britain |
| Notify other European nations of their claim and show that they could control the territory | At the Berlin Conference, what was it decided that a European nation had to do claim a new land in Africa |
| assimilation | The policy in which a nation forces or encourages a subject people to adopt its institutions and customs |
| India | colony that was considered to be the “jewel in the crown” for Britain |
| Sepoy Mutiny | The Indian rebellion of 1857 against the British |