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greece chapter 5

QuestionAnswer
polis city-state
acropolis a walled, high area surrounding a polis
agora marketplace
helots state slaves
hoplites foot soldiers
hubris great pride
Democracy a government run by the people
Solon Athenian statesman; he introduced the first civil democracy in Greece and created
tyrant a strong man who seized power by force and claimed to rule for the good of the people
Cleisthenes Ancient Greek ruler often called the "father of democracy." He increased the size of the council that governed Athens to 500
direct democracy the type of governing system where all people vote directly on an issue
archon a chief of state of ancient Athens
phalanx a military formation composed of rows of soldiers standing shoulder to shoulder carrying pikes or heavy spears
Pericles Athenian statesman; he encouraged the spread of democracy in Athens and the growth of the city-state's power
Socrates Greek philosopher of Athens; his teaching style was based on asking questions. He wanted people to question their own beliefs
Plato Greek philosopher; a student of Socrates, he started a school in Athens called the Academy
Aristotle Greek philosopher and student of Plato; he taught that logic was the tool for any necessary inquiry
reason clear and ordered thinking
logic the process of making inferences
Homer Greek poet, he wrote the epic poems the Iliad and the Odyssey, tells stories set during the Trojan War
lyric poetry a type of poetry that gained its name from the lyre, an instrument that played while the poetry was sung
Herodotus Greek historian; his most famous work is The Histories, which describes major events of Persian Wars
Thucydides Greek historian of Athens; he wrote The History of the Peloponnesian
Created by: kaniyaalston
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