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Chap 10 Terms & Def
IU MED TERM Chap 10 Terms & Def
| Chap 10 Terms | Chap 10 Definitions |
|---|---|
| ankylosis | stiffening and immobility of a joint as a result of disease, trauma, surgery, or abnormal bone fusion |
| carpal tunnel syndrome | painful condition resulting from compression of the median nerve within the carpal tunnel (wrist canal through which the flexor tendons and the median nerve pass) |
| claudication | lameness, limping |
| contracture | fibrosis of connective tissue in skin, fascia, muscle, or joint capsule that prevents normal mobility of the related tissue or joint |
| crepitation | dry, grating sound or sesation caused by bone ends rubbing together, indicating a fracture or joint destruction |
| electromyography | use of electrical stimulation to record the strength of muscle contraction |
| exacerbation | increase in severity of a disease or of any of its symptoms |
| ganglion cyst | tumor of tendon sheath or joint capsule, commonly found in the wrist |
| hypotonia | loss of muscular tone or a diminished resistance to passive stretching |
| hemarthrosis | effusion of blood into a joint caity |
| multiple myeloma | primary malignant tumor that infiltrates the bone and red bone marrow |
| osteophyte | bony outgrowth that occasionally develops on the vertebra and may exert pressure on the spinal cord |
| phantom limb | perceived sensation, following amputation of a limb, that the limb still exists |
| prosthesis | replacement of a misssing part by an artificial substitute, such as an artificial extremity |
| rickets, rachitis | form of osteomalacia in children caused by vitamin D deficiency |
| sequestrum | fragment of necrosed bone that has become separated from surrounding tissue |
| spondylolisthesis | any forward slipping (subluxation) of a vertebra over the one below it |
| spondylosis | degeneration of the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar vertebrae and related tissues |
| sprain | tearing of ligament tissue that may be slight, moderate, or complete |
| strain | to exert physical force in a manner that may result in injury, usually muscular |
| subluxation | partial or incomplete dislocation |
| arthrography | series of radiographs taken after injection of a radiopaque substance into a joint cavity, especially the knee or shoulder to outline the contour of the joint |
| computed tomography (CT) scan | imaging technique achieved by rotating an x-ray emitter around the area to be scanned and measuring the intensity of transmitted rays from different angles; formerly called computerized axial tomography |
| dual energy x-ray absorptiometry | technique to measure bone density for purpsoes of diagnosis and management of osteoporosis |
| lumbosacral spinal radiography (LS spine) | radiography of the five lumbar vertebrae and the fused sacral vertebrae, including anteroposterior, lateral, and oblique views of the lower spine |
| myelography | radiography of the spinal cord after injection of a contrast medium to identify and study spinal distortions caused by tumors, cysts, herniated intervertebral disks, or other lesions |
| closed reductions | manual correction of fractures without incision |
| casting | application of a solid, stiff dressing formed with plaster of Paris or other material to a body part to immobilize it during the healing process |
| splinting | use of an orthopedic device to an injured body part for immobilization, stabilization, and protection during the healing process |
| traction | using weights and pulleys to align or immobilize a fracture and facilitate the healing process |
| amputation | partial or complete removal of a limb |
| arthrocentesis | puncture of a joint space to remove accumulated fluid |
| arthroclasia | surgical breaking of an anklosed joint to provide movement |
| arthroscopy | visual examination of a joint, especially the knee; used primarily to detect trauma or lesions and to obtain a biopsy of synovial tissue for microscopic examination |
| bursectomy | excision of bursa (padlike sac or cavity found in connective tissue, usually in the vicinity of joints) |
| bone grafting | implanting or transplanting bone tissue from another part of the body or from another person to serve as replacement for damaged or missing bone tissue |
| laminectomy | excision of the posterior arch of a vertebra |
| open reduction | treatment of bone fractures using surgery to place the bones in proper position |
| sequestrectomy | excision of a sequestrum (segment of necrosed bone) |
| synovectomty | excision of a synovial membrane |
Created by:
khandoggy
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