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Languages
cultural unit
| term | definition | example |
|---|---|---|
| Language family | languages which evolved from the language | Romance languages |
| Indo-European family | Languages (like German and romance languages) | German |
| Sino-Tibetan family | Languages that are spoken in most of Southeast Asia and China | Vietnamese |
| Language groups | languages with a relatively recent origin | languages evolved from Spanish |
| Romance languages | Languages that evolved from Latin (many similar characteristic) | Spanish |
| Dialects | different versions of the same language | "southern accent" |
| Isoglosses | where two linguistic features meat | US Mexican Border |
| Pidgin | a language that relates to two different languages (that usually form where two languages interact) | border between France and Spain |
| Creole | a language (pidgin) that evolved to be the primary language of a state | |
| Esperanto | language that incorporates aspects of multiple languages | Zamenhof |
| Literacy | the ability to read and write | |
| Toponyms | names of places and features on the land | Chicago, Mississippi |
| lingua franca | a simple language that combines aspectsof multiple languages | |
| official languages | primary language of a state | English is official language of US |
| polyglot | a state that speaks more than one language | Canada |
| language extinction | when no one speaks a certain language any more | Latin |
| acculturation | when one culture adapts another culture or cultural trait (under another's influence) | European practices in South Africa |
| cultural extinction | when no one practices one culture anymore | ancient babylonian |
| Language | a form of communication (usually through sound) | English |