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BiomechanicsRespi
Biomechanics of respiration- Fisk/CJ- 1/9/13
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Lungs are smaller than the pleura to allow for | Inflation |
| Aspirations almost always go down which side of the split? | Right |
| Lobes are defined by | Visceral pleura separation, a lobar bronchus, its own artery |
| Bronchipulmonary segments are identified by having its | own bronchus and its own artery |
| Each costal cartilage has a joint with the sternum. What type of joint? | Synovial |
| Central tendon in the diaphragm is | Not contractile |
| Three major things going through diaphragm | IVC, esophagus and aorta |
| Muscles of inspiration | External intercostal, Chondral internal intercostal, Scalenes, SCM |
| Muscles of expiration | Costal part of internal intercostal, Rectus abdominas |
| Muscles of expiration are only used in | Vigorous exercise and breathing problems |
| What do the muscles of expiration always do? | Keep the intercostal spaces rigid |
| Expiration is normally due to | Gravity |
| Lower ribs move in what way in ventilation | Bucket handle |
| Upper move in what way in ventilationhttp | Pump handle |
| Elastic in the lungs refers to | Resisting deformation |
| Most important muscle of inspiration | Diaphragm |
| During quiet breathing, expiration only requires | Relaxation of inspiratory muscles |
| Why do the lungs expand with the chest wall? | Cohesion between the outside of the lung and the inside of the chest wall. |
| Volume in lungs where negative pressures inside the chest are equal and opposite | Functional residual capacity. This is the position that the lungs and chest wall would come to if you relaxed all respiratory muscles. |
| In a pneumothorax, when the chest moves outwards, the lungs move | Inwards (collapse)because air seperates pleural cohesion |
| As the volume in the lungs increases, the pressure in the lungs | Decreases |
| At the end of inspiration, alveolar and atmospheric pressure are | Equal |
| Increased compliance does what to recoil? | Decreases it |
| Three factors that effect compliance | Surface tension, elastic tissue, ease of rib movement |
| Functional residual capacity is (increased/decreased) in smokers | Increased |
| Removal of surface tension makes inflating the lungs | Easier |
| What produces surfactant? | Type II alveolar cells |
| Three benefits of surfactant | Increases compliance, stabilizes alveoli, keeps alveoli dry |
| Surfactant is most useful at | Low long volumes |
| If the compliance is increased, Functional residual capacity will | Increase |
Created by:
mcasto
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